Termination of Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation by Superior Vena Cava Isolation: A Case Report

Background: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation can be triggered by non-pulmonary vein foci, such as the superior venacava. Here, we report the case of a patient with a 6-year history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who received cryoballoon ablation in 2012 but relapsed in 2014. He then received cardiac radiofrequency ablation, which successfully isolated the left pulmonary vein and superior vena cava, but the arrhythmia recently relapsed again. The tachycardia wasfinally successfully terminated by ablation on the free wall without recurrence during a 2-year following up.Conclusion: Superior vena cava isolation may not require ablation isolation with a full circle way and can be ccomplishedby ablating several connection points between the superior vena cava and the right atrium.