种内和种间竞争对小麦农业生态系统氮素动态的影响

IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Planta Daninha Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1590/s0100-83582020380100087

S. Asadi, A. Aynehband, A. Rahnama

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引用次数: 1

摘要

背景:小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)农业生态系统种内竞争和种间竞争的研究非常复杂，了解氮素在这些竞争中的影响是十分必要的。目的:研究不同竞争模式对小麦(Chamran品种)生态系统农业氮素平衡的影响。方法:采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)的分割图进行田间试验，3个重复。主样区和子样区分别施用不同施氮量(对照、50、100和150 kg hm -1)和不同竞争模式(无竞争、种内竞争、种间竞争和种内与种间联合竞争)。采用窄叶(Avena sativa L.)和阔叶(Sinapis arvensis L.)两种杂草等量种植的方法进行种间竞争中的杂草密度测定。结果:各竞争处理花期干物质(DM)积累量和氮素含量(NC)均高于成熟期。氮素转运效率(NTE)和氮素收获指数(NHI)的变化趋势与干物质转运效率(DMTE)不同，均以种间竞争处理最高。无竞争处理籽粒产量最高，干物质和NTE较低。结论:茎部氮素积累能力与高氮素吸收、氮同化和高花后氮再动员效率有关。此外，高氮肥可用于培育具有理想氮素平衡的品种。[3]李建平，李建平，李建平，等。植物群落动态变化对植物生长的影响[j] .植物生态学报，2010;38 (2):888 - 888 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100087 2/9

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Nitrogen dynamic in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) agroecosystem as influenced by intra- and interspecific competition

Background: The study of both intraand interspecific competitions in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) agroecosystem is quite complex and it is essential to understand the influence of nitrogen in these competitions. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different competitive models on nitrogen balance in wheat ecosystem agriculture (Chamran cultivar). Methods: A field experiment was performed using split–plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The main and sub-plots consisted of different nitrogen rates (control, 50, 100 and 150 kg nitrogen ha-1) and different competitive patterns (no, intraspecific, interspecific competition and intraand interspecific in combination) were applied to the sub-plots, respectively. Weed density in the interspecies competition was applied through the equal planting of two narrow leaves (Avena sativa L.) and broadleaf (Sinapis arvensis L.) weed species. Results: The dry matter (DM) accumulation and nitrogen content (NC) at anthesis was higher than that at maturity stage for all competition treatments as well as nitrogen rates. The trend of nitrogen translocation efficiency (NTE) and nitrogen harvest index (NHI) was different from dry matter translocation efficiency (DMTE), and both were highest in interspecific competition treatments. Moreover, the highest grain yield in no competition treatment resulted in a lower dry matter and NTE. Conclusions: It was concluded that the capacity for nitrogen accumulation in the stem, was associated with a high nitrogen uptake, nitrogen assimilation and high post-anthesis nitrogen remobilization efficiency. In additions, high NHI could be used in the development of cultivars with the desired N balance. SBCPD | Planta Daninha Asadi S, Aynehband A, and Rahnama A. N dynamic as influenced by competition Planta Daninha 2020;38:e020219884 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100087 2/9

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来源期刊

Planta Daninha Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Planta Daninha is a scientific journal published by the Brazilian Society of Weed Science (SBCPD - Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas). Papers submitted for publication must be sent through an electronic system, on http://www.scielo.br/pd. Works may be written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, and will be accepted after being reviewed and approved by the Editorial Board. Only papers that have not been published or submitted for publication in other media will be accepted. Articles in Portuguese will be translated to English after being properly corrected and authorized by the authors. Planta Daninha has with goal to publish genuine technical-scientific papers and literature reviews from a critical perspective on Biology, weed management, and related topics.