荒地杂草对冬季作物发芽和生长的化感作用

IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Planta Daninha Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1590/s0100-83582020380100076

M. S. Hayyat, M. Safdar, M. Asif, A. Tanveer, Liaqat Ali, R. Qamar, Hafiz H. Ali, N. Farooq, Hafiz M.A. Javeed, Zahid H. Tarar

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引用次数: 6

摘要

背景:农田周围的荒地杂草通过其叶片渗滤液和根际土壤对作物产生化感作用。目的:研究4种常见的荒草Parthenium hysterophorus L.、牛膝草Achyranthes aspera L.、Lantana camara L.和Withania somnifera L.通过其水提液和根际土壤对冬季作物Avena sativa L.、Cicer arietinum L.、Hordeum vulgare L.和Triticum aestivum L.的植物毒性作用。在第一个试验中，将每种杂草的5% (w/v)全株水提取物施用于作物发芽种子中，在第二个试验中，将作物种子置于每种杂草的根际土壤中进行发芽试验。结果:与根际土壤相比，杂草水提物具有更强的抑菌作用。水提液对作物的最小发芽率(42.5%)、发芽指数(7.4)、幼苗活力指数(665.3)、根长(3.27 cm)、苗长(14.15 cm)和幼苗生物量(74.2 mg)均有显著影响。作物根系生长受到的影响大于茎部生长。camara水提物对sativa的发芽率最低(13.3%)。在根际土壤中，柽柳和黄姜的发芽率最低，分别为57.5和58.3，幼苗活力指数最低，分别为1472.5和2008.4。黑穗槐根际土壤中萌发的黑穗槐种子萌发率最低(30%)，萌发指数最低(3.7)。在作物中，A. sativa和C. arietinum对水提取物更敏感，而T. aestivum对根际提取物更敏感。草甸杂草化感作用的研究[j] .植物学报，2020;38:e020173626 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100076结论:荒地杂草对作物的化感作用是不利的，其中尤以野田葵和野田葵为甚。

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Allelopathic effect of waste-land weeds on germination and growth of winter crops

Background: Waste-land weeds present around the fields exert their allelopathic influence on crops through their leaf leachates and rhizospheric soils. Objective: A study was conducted to investigate the phytotoxic action of four common waste-land weeds Parthenium hysterophorus L., Achyranthes aspera L., Lantana camara L. and Withania somnifera L. through their aqueous extracts and rhizospheric soils against winter crops Avena sativa L., Cicer arietinum L., Hordeum vulgare L. and Triticum aestivum L. Methods: Experiments were conducted in Agronomy laboratory in College of Agriculture at the University of Sargodha. In first experiment, 5% (w/v) water extract from entire plant of each weed was applied to germinating seeds of crops whereas in second experiment, crop seeds were subjected to the rhizospheric soil of each weed for germination test. Results: Results revealed that aqueous extracts of weeds were more phyto-inhibitory compared to their rhizospheric soils. Minimum germination percentage (42.5%), germination index (7.4), seedling vigor index (665.3), root length (3.27 cm), seedling length (14.15 cm) and seedling biomass (74.2 mg) of crops were recorded in response to aqueous extract of P. hysterophorus. Root growth of the crops was affected more compared to the shoot growth. Minimum germination percentage was observed in A. sativa (13.3) by the action of L. camara aqueous extract. Rhizospheric soil of L. camara and P. hysterophorus resulted in minimum germination percentages (57.5 and 58.3, respectively) and seedling vigor indices (1472.5 and 2008.4, respectively) of crops. The lowest germination (30%) and germination index (3.7) was observed for T. aestivum seeds germinated in the rhizospheric soil of W. somnifera. Among crops, A. sativa and C. arietinum were more susceptible to the aqueous extracts whereas T. aestivum to rhizospheric ARTICLE INFORMATION Received: December 17, 2016 Accepted: April 2, 2018 SBCPD | Planta Daninha Hayyat MS, et al. Allelopathy of waste-land weeds Planta Daninha 2020;38:e020173626 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100076 2/8 soils of weeds. Conclusions: It can be concluded that waste-land weeds especially P. hysterophorus and L. camara negatively affect the crops by their allelopathy.

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来源期刊

Planta Daninha Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

自引率

0.00%

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审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Planta Daninha is a scientific journal published by the Brazilian Society of Weed Science (SBCPD - Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas). Papers submitted for publication must be sent through an electronic system, on http://www.scielo.br/pd. Works may be written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, and will be accepted after being reviewed and approved by the Editorial Board. Only papers that have not been published or submitted for publication in other media will be accepted. Articles in Portuguese will be translated to English after being properly corrected and authorized by the authors. Planta Daninha has with goal to publish genuine technical-scientific papers and literature reviews from a critical perspective on Biology, weed management, and related topics.