Bibliometric review of achachairu (Garcinia humilis): a promising agent for health and future food applications

Abstract The achachairu (Garcinia humilis (Vahl) C.D. Adams) is a Bolivian fruit species that adapts well to tropical and sub-tropical climates and may feasibly be disseminated in other parts of the world. Data from the literature has revealed that both the plant and the fruit exhibited promising compounds for both nutritional and pharmacological purposes. This work aimed to review available publications involving the achachairu (G. humilis) through a bibliometric analysis using data from the Web of Science© (WOS) database. For greater precision and completeness in the research, the filters used included both the scientific nomenclature, and the popular name of the fruit, G. humilis and achachairu, respectively. The data-gathering stage yielded only 29 works containing the terms used in the search. Comprising 25 publications, Brazil was the country having the most records in the database, possibly because its climate is favorable for achachairu cultivation. Among the main research focus areas were attributes related to its chemical structure and pharmacological properties, particularly Guttiferone A, the compound responsible for the gastroprotective, antinociceptive and antiproliferative properties of its fruit, which occurs primarily in its seed. The peel also exhibited a bioactive and antioxidant composition. Thus, these two parts of the fruit, which are considered underutilized, due to the exclusive consumption of the fruit pulp, may have the potential for other purposes. Finally, considering the scarce scientific data regarding this matrix, which has a diversity of positive characteristics for the pharmacological and food industries, this bibliometric analysis revealed an opportunity for further research.