{"title":"社会主义波兰犯罪小说中的金融犯罪","authors":"Dorota Skotarczak","doi":"10.1515/SHO-2016-0003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Financial crime was one of the recurring themes in crime stories written in the period of socialist Poland. The writer who first undertook this subject was Leopold Tyrmand in his book “The Man with the White Eyes” (1955). The publication of this book is considered one of the symptoms of the cultural “thaw” and the end of real socialism. Tyrmand shows crime which develops when the state, cooperative and private businesses meet, but also the corruption and powerlessness of Citizen’s Militia. During Władysław Gomułka’s administration (1956–1970), this problem often recurred e.g. in the books written by Anna Kłodzińska and Barbara Gordon. Very often the villain was the “fraudulent director”. Both the meat scandal and the leather scandal were described in crime novels. Edward Gierek’s administration (1970–1980) was the time when the theme of financial crime was abandoned, but it returned after the introduction of martial law in 1981. This time, it was pointed out that it was the previous administration that had committed frauds. Crime novels accurately described the economic abnormalities of socialist Poland, the hampering of individual initiatives and the omnipresent corruption, but they also reflected the state’s policy towards the people in power who were illegally gaining wealth.","PeriodicalId":32183,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1000,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Financial Crime in Crime Fiction in Socialist Poland\",\"authors\":\"Dorota Skotarczak\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/SHO-2016-0003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract Financial crime was one of the recurring themes in crime stories written in the period of socialist Poland. The writer who first undertook this subject was Leopold Tyrmand in his book “The Man with the White Eyes” (1955). The publication of this book is considered one of the symptoms of the cultural “thaw” and the end of real socialism. Tyrmand shows crime which develops when the state, cooperative and private businesses meet, but also the corruption and powerlessness of Citizen’s Militia. During Władysław Gomułka’s administration (1956–1970), this problem often recurred e.g. in the books written by Anna Kłodzińska and Barbara Gordon. Very often the villain was the “fraudulent director”. Both the meat scandal and the leather scandal were described in crime novels. Edward Gierek’s administration (1970–1980) was the time when the theme of financial crime was abandoned, but it returned after the introduction of martial law in 1981. This time, it was pointed out that it was the previous administration that had committed frauds. Crime novels accurately described the economic abnormalities of socialist Poland, the hampering of individual initiatives and the omnipresent corruption, but they also reflected the state’s policy towards the people in power who were illegally gaining wealth.\",\"PeriodicalId\":32183,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2016-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1515/SHO-2016-0003\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Studia Historiae Oeconomicae","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/SHO-2016-0003","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
金融犯罪是社会主义波兰时期犯罪小说中反复出现的主题之一。首先提出这个主题的作家是利奥波德·泰尔曼(Leopold Tyrmand),他在1955年出版了《白眼睛的人》(The Man with The White Eyes)一书。这本书的出版被认为是文化“解冻”和真正社会主义终结的征兆之一。《Tyrmand》展示了国家、合作社和私营企业相遇时滋生的犯罪,也展示了公民民兵的腐败和无能。在Władysław Gomułka执政期间(1956-1970),这个问题经常出现,例如在安娜Kłodzińska和芭芭拉戈登所写的书中。反派往往是“欺诈导演”。“肉丑闻”和“皮革丑闻”都曾出现在犯罪小说中。1970年至1980年,爱德华•吉雷克(Edward Gierek)政府时期,金融犯罪的主题被抛弃,但1981年实行戒严令后,金融犯罪主题又重新出现。这一次,有人指出,是上届政府犯下了欺诈行为。犯罪小说准确地描述了社会主义波兰的经济畸形,个人主动性的阻碍和无处不在的腐败,但它们也反映了国家对非法获取财富的当权者的政策。
Financial Crime in Crime Fiction in Socialist Poland
Abstract Financial crime was one of the recurring themes in crime stories written in the period of socialist Poland. The writer who first undertook this subject was Leopold Tyrmand in his book “The Man with the White Eyes” (1955). The publication of this book is considered one of the symptoms of the cultural “thaw” and the end of real socialism. Tyrmand shows crime which develops when the state, cooperative and private businesses meet, but also the corruption and powerlessness of Citizen’s Militia. During Władysław Gomułka’s administration (1956–1970), this problem often recurred e.g. in the books written by Anna Kłodzińska and Barbara Gordon. Very often the villain was the “fraudulent director”. Both the meat scandal and the leather scandal were described in crime novels. Edward Gierek’s administration (1970–1980) was the time when the theme of financial crime was abandoned, but it returned after the introduction of martial law in 1981. This time, it was pointed out that it was the previous administration that had committed frauds. Crime novels accurately described the economic abnormalities of socialist Poland, the hampering of individual initiatives and the omnipresent corruption, but they also reflected the state’s policy towards the people in power who were illegally gaining wealth.