地表水和地下水中硝酸盐脆弱区划分方法

Q2 Arts and Humanities
N. Osadcha, V. Osadchyi, V. Osypov, S. Biletska, L. Kovalchuk, V. Artemenko
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引用次数: 10

摘要

本文介绍了确定易受地表水和地下水营养化合物污染地区的国家方法。硝酸盐脆弱带的划定是减少农业活动对营养物水污染影响的有效工具,也是管理流域内弥漫性污染以达到“良好”生态状态的有效手段。通过对乌克兰自然条件的异质性和农业活动强度的分析,可以确定脆弱性不同的三种类型的区域:水体污染高风险区,土壤氮过剩、冲刷和周期性冲刷有利于硝酸盐淋滤;2. 潜在的水污染区,在洗涤和定期洗涤条件下观察到土壤中氮平衡不足;3.短期污染的区域,在那里土壤中的正氮平衡被未洗涤的水状态所注意到。建议以水体中溶解态矿物氮(Nminer)的含量和水体富营养化过程的存在作为脆弱区划分的标准。对于Strahler系数< 5的小河流,建议采用氮矿物形态含量为阈值11.3 mgN/l的标准进行硝酸盐脆弱区划分。对斯特勒系数≥5的河流、水库、河口、近岸水域按富营养化进行命名。对于地下水,以氮矿物形态的含量小于9.7 mg /l为基础。这种方法是在乌克兰首次开发的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
METHODOLOGY FOR THE NITRATE VULNERABLE ZONES DESIGNATION IN SURFACE AND GROUND WATER
The article presents the national methodology for the identification of vulnerable areas to pollution of surface and ground water by nutrients compounds. The designation of nitrate vulnerable zones is an effective tool to reduce the impact of agricultural activities on water pollution by nutrients and is used for managing of diffuse pollution within river basins to achieve “good” ecological status. The analysis of heterogeneity of natural conditions in Ukraine and intensity of agricultural activity allows to determine 3 types of zones which differ in vulnerability: 1. Zones of high risk of water pollution, where nitrogen surplus in soil and washing and periodic washing regime are favorable for the nitrate leaching; 2. Zones of potential water pollution, where a deficient nitrogen balance in soil is observed in conditions of washing and periodic washing regime; 3. Zones of short-term pollution, where positive nitrogen balance in soil is noted by the unwashed water regime. The content of dissolved forms of mineral nitrogen (Nminer) in water and the presence of eutrophication process in the water body were recommended to use as criterias for designation of vulnerable zones. For the small rivers with a Strahler coefficient < 5, the nitrate vulnerable zones designation is recommended using the criterion of the nitrogen mineral forms content with a threshold value of 11,3 mgN/l. For the rivers with a Strahler coefficient ≥ 5, reservoirs, estuaries and coastal waters the designation is carried out on the basis of eutrophication. For the groundwater, it is based on the content of nitrogen mineral forms less than 9,7 mgN/l. This method was developed in Ukraine for the first time.
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来源期刊
Ukrainian Geographical Journal
Ukrainian Geographical Journal Arts and Humanities-History and Philosophy of Science
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
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