城市化对小型城市集水区雨水径流的影响:Gdańsk Małomiejska流域案例研究

Q4 Environmental Science
B. Olechnowicz, K. Weinerowska-Bords
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引用次数: 4

摘要

摘要本文研究了不同形式的城市化对流域流出的影响。以格但斯克(波兰)的一个小型城市流域为例,介绍了土地覆盖/利用、排水系统开发、水库和雨水管理替代方法(绿色屋顶、透水路面)的变化对流域径流的影响。本文分析了2000-2012年期间区域发展的七种变体——三种历史的和四种假设的。在每种情况下,通过美国陆军工程兵团水文工程中心(HEC-HMS)设计的水文建模系统进行了三种降雨情景的径流计算。有效降雨量计算采用土壤保持服务(SCS)曲线数(CN)法,坡面流计算采用运动波模型,河道走向计算采用Muskingum-Cunge模型。计算结果表明,城市发展导致洪峰流量和径流量增加,洪峰时间缩短。另一方面,水库正常蓄水量(NSL)相对较小的下降或当商业中心存在绿色屋顶时,峰值显著降低。该研究证实,由于城市化,径流显著增加,而通过简单的雨水管理替代方法,径流显著减少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of Urbanization on Stormwater Runoff from a Small Urban Catchment: Gdańsk Małomiejska Basin Case Study
Abstract This paper deals with the impact of different forms of urbanization on the basin outflow. The influence of changes in land cover/use, drainage system development, reservoirs, and alternative ways of stormwater management (green roofs, permeable pavements) on basin runoff was presented in the case of a small urban basin in Gdansk (Poland). Seven variants of area development (in the period of 2000-2012) - three historical and four hypothetical - were analyzed. In each case, runoff calculations for three rainfall scenarios were carried out by means of the Hydrologic Modeling System designed by Hydrologic Engineering Center of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HEC-HMS). The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Curve Number (CN) method was used for calculations of effective rainfall, the kinematic wave model for those of overland flow, and the Muskingum-Cunge model for those of channel routing. The calculations indicated that urban development had resulted in increased peak discharge and runoff volume and in decreased peak time. On the other hand, a significant reduction in peak values was observed for a relatively small decrease in the normal storage level (NSL) in reservoirs or when green roofs on commercial centers were present. The study confirmed a significant increase in runoff as a result of urbanization and a considerable runoff reduction by simple alternative ways of stormwater management.
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来源期刊
Archives of Hydroengineering and Environmental Mechanics
Archives of Hydroengineering and Environmental Mechanics Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
4
期刊介绍: Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics cover the broad area of disciplines related to hydro-engineering, including: hydrodynamics and hydraulics of inlands and sea waters, hydrology, hydroelasticity, ground-water hydraulics, water contamination, coastal engineering, geotechnical engineering, geomechanics, structural mechanics, etc. The main objective of Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics is to provide an up-to-date reference to the engineers and scientists engaged in the applications of mechanics to the analysis of various phenomena appearing in the natural environment.
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