The importance of plant parasitic nematodes in the cultivation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with particular interest in the winter form

Common wheat is an economically important crop, cultivated mainly for food purposes. During the growing season, wheat crops are exposed to feeding by numerous animal pests: insects, snails and plant parasitic nematodes. Among phytophagous nematodes, cystforming nematodes of the genus Heterodera and root-knot nematodes of Pratylenchus are recognized as pests of the crop. Spring observations of cultivation of common wheat in the winter form showed clusters of plants with symptoms of growth inhibition. Tylenchorhynchus dubius (Bütschli, 1873), Geocenamus microdorus (Geraert, 1966), Paratylenchus projectus Jenkins, 1956, Trichodorus primitivus (De Man, 1880) and Trichodorus viruliferus Hooper, 1963 were isolated from the soil of wheat root zone, pointing to them as a potential threat to the proper vegetation of the crop. Therefore, there is a message to start monitoring winter wheat crops for the presence of plant-parasitic nematodes, especially in the face of ongoing climate change.