PBP-based bioprinting of hydrogels for biomedical applications

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of hydrogels to form complex structures has been widely used in tissue engineering. Projection-based 3D printing (PBP) has faster printing, lower cell damage, and higher printing resolution compared with other 3D printing methods, providing a potential strategy for printing elaborate 3D hydrogel structures. In this review, we introduced the composition and printing process of PBP. We then discuss the study of hydrogels for PBP, including chemical structure modification and property optimization. More importantly, we highlight the potential applications of PBP-based hydrogels in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, and discuss the current challenges and future prospects of PBP-based hydrogels. Ideas are provided for the study of PBP, hydrogel bioinks, and related fields.