Revelations of Muhammad Ali’s Reform for Egyptian National Governance

Abstract: This paper conducts an in-depth study on Muhammad Ali’s reform which plays an important role in the history of Egypt or even the whole Middle East, and holds that the reform may reveal the following features: 1)Only by opening up and keeping up with the times can ancient civilizations thrive; 2)Without the unity of the state and the centralization of power, reforms can never be implemented, nor can development be achieved; 3)Economic revitalization is the cornerstone of reforms and development; 4)Development of culture and education lays the foundations for the sustainable political, economic and other development, even the national rejuvenation; 5) Personal dictatorship and external expansion always hamper the positive trend of reform.