地方治理中的战略行为与风险规避

0 ANTHROPOLOGY
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI:10.1111/johs.12423
Josephine Harmon
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引用次数: 0

摘要

地方治理在什么条件下受到外部利益的影响?我举例说明了外部游说团体的战略行为通过利用它们之间的资源不对称来影响热点问题上的地方变革的能力。以芝加哥郊区的枪支政策为例,我分析了当地枪支政策的变化。虽然枪支游说团体的联邦影响已经得到了探讨,但其在当地的影响却没有得到充分考虑。我发现了两个主要的见解。首先,2008年后围绕枪支的制度格局影响了1981年应对挑战的地方政策制定。其次,枪支游说团体在其影响策略上变得更加足智多谋,这激活了这些制度变革的潜在潜力,以发挥地方效应。这项细致的研究有助于深入了解枪支游说团体对地方的影响以及联邦改革带来的制度性地方后果。这一比较分析理论化了NRA对“先例作为资源”的战略使用,地方在面对资源更充足的外部游说时的风险规避,以及资源不对称如何在不利的法律环境中变得显著,在多布斯诉杰克逊妇女健康组织案(2022)之后,对游说-地方政策互动产生了更广泛的影响。法律作为一种战略资源的社会政治用途研究了自2000年代以来法院政治化的下游影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Strategic Behaviour and Risk Aversion in Local Governance

Strategic Behaviour and Risk Aversion in Local Governance

Under what conditions is local governance influenced by external interests? I illustrate the capacity of external lobbies' strategic behavior to affect local change on hot button issues by exploiting resource asymmetries between them. Using a case of gun policy in the Chicago suburbs, I analyse how local policymaking on guns changed. While the gun lobby's federal impact has been explored, its local influence is insufficiently considered. I find two main insights. First, the institutional landscape around firearms after 2008 impacted local policymaking that was resilient to challenge in 1981. Second, the gun lobby became more resourceful in its influencing strategies, which activated the latent potential of these institutional changes to exert a local effect. This granular study contributes insights on the gun lobby's local impact and the institutional local consequences federal changes brought. This comparative analysis theorises the NRA's strategic use of ‘precedent as resource’, locales' risk aversion when faced with better-resourced external lobbies, and how resource asymmetries become significant in unfavorable legal environments, with wider implications regarding lobby-locale policy interactions after Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization (2022). The social-political uses of law as a strategic resource offers a study of the downstream impacts of the courts' politicization since the 2000s.

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