低地热带热带热带湿热干燥环境下的耐热玉米:从育种到改进种子输送

IF 6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Pervez H. Zaidi , Madhumal Thayil Vinayan , Sudha K. Nair , Prakash H. Kuchanur , Ramesh Kumar , Shyam Bir Singh , Mahendra Prasad Tripathi , Ayyanagouda Patil , Salahuddin Ahmed , Aamir Hussain , Atul Prabhakar Kulkarni , Passang Wangmo , Mitchell R. Tuinstra , Boddupalli M. Prasanna
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引用次数: 1

摘要

气候变化引发的热应激结合了两个挑战:白天和夜间的高温,以及蒸汽压不足增加导致的需求侧干旱导致的生理缺水。这是南亚易受雨水胁迫环境中玉米产量低的主要因素之一,影响到大量依赖玉米维持生计的小农户。国际玉米和小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)在亚洲的玉米项目与南亚国家的公共部门玉米研究机构和私营种子公司合作,正在实施一项密集的举措,开发和部署耐热玉米,该项目将高产潜力与抵御高温和干旱胁迫的能力相结合。随着新的育种工具和方法的整合,包括基因组学辅助育种、加倍单倍体、基于田间的精确表型和基于性状的选择,正在为南亚热带地区开发对热胁迫具有更高耐受性的新玉米种质。经过十多年的共同努力,已成功开发和发布了20个具有CIMMYT遗传背景的高产耐热玉米杂交种。通过公私合作伙伴关系,目前正在孟加拉国、不丹、印度、尼泊尔和巴基斯坦等南亚国家的50000多公顷土地上部署八种杂交种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Heat-tolerant maize for rainfed hot, dry environments in the lowland tropics: From breeding to improved seed delivery

Climate change-induced heat stress combines two challenges: high day- and nighttime temperatures, and physiological water deficit due to demand-side drought caused by increase in vapor-pressure deficit. It is one of the major factors in low productivity of maize in rainfed stress-prone environments in South Asia, affecting a large population of smallholder farmers who depend on maize for their sustenance and livelihoods. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) maize program in Asia, in partnership with public-sector maize research institutes and private-sector seed companies in South Asian countries, is implementing an intensive initiative for developing and deploying heat-tolerant maize that combines high yield potential with resilience to heat and drought stresses. With the integration of novel breeding tools and methods, including genomics-assisted breeding, doubled haploidy, field-based precision phenotyping, and trait-based selection, new maize germplasm with increased tolerance to heat stress is being developed for the South Asian tropics. Over a decade of concerted effort has resulted in the successful development and release of 20 high-yielding heat-tolerant maize hybrids in CIMMYT genetic backgrounds. Via public–private partnerships, eight hybrids are presently being deployed on over 50,000 ha in South Asian countries, including Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan.

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来源期刊
Crop Journal
Crop Journal Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.00%
发文量
638
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: The major aims of The Crop Journal are to report recent progresses in crop sciences including crop genetics, breeding, agronomy, crop physiology, germplasm resources, grain chemistry, grain storage and processing, crop management practices, crop biotechnology, and biomathematics. The regular columns of the journal are Original Research Articles, Reviews, and Research Notes. The strict peer-review procedure will guarantee the academic level and raise the reputation of the journal. The readership of the journal is for crop science researchers, students of agricultural colleges and universities, and persons with similar academic levels.
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