Hymenaea stignocarpa Mart. ex Hayne growth–climate relationships are regulated by soil water saturation in Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone

The expected intensification of the dry season, and concentration of rainfall during the wet season, can disrupt tree growth and regional biodiversity in the Cerrado-Pantanal transition zone. Thus, this study aims to assess the climatic responses of Hymenaea stigonocarpa tree growth, a common tree species in this region. Incremental cores were collected at breast height (ca. 1.3 m) from 67 trees to construct a dendrochronological series to correlate annual growth with local meteorological variables and large-scale atmospheric circulation indices from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Significant positive correlations were observed between tree growth and the Pacific Ocean indices. Maximum and average air temperatures of the previous dry season negatively influenced growth, while precipitation at the beginning of the growth season (November) positively influenced growth. Tree growth was not correlated with temperature or rainfall during the wet season. However, at the end of the wet season (February), tree growth was negatively correlated with air temperature and positively correlated with rainfall, but the relationship shifted in the next month (March) suggesting that soil water saturation reduced growth. Our results indicate that dendrochronological studies of H. stignocarpa are useful for assessing the environmental change on the Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone. Furthermore, variations in water availability and temperature associated with changes in large-scale oceanic circulation and local meteorological conditions will impact the growth dynamics of this important Cerrado tree species.