Thilo von Groote, Mahan Sadjadi, Alexander Zarbock
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Purpose of review: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at high risk to develop cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) postoperatively. CS-AKI is associated with an increased risk for persistent renal dysfunction, morbidity and mortality. This review summarizes the epidemiology and pathophysiology of CS-AKI, as well as current treatment and prevention strategies.
Recent findings: As AKI is a syndrome with complex pathophysiology, no causative treatment strategies exist. Recent advances in the field of AKI biomarkers offer new perspectives on the issue and the implementation of biomarker-guided preventive strategies may reduce rates of CS-AKI. Finally, nephroprotective treatments and angiotensin II as a novel vasopressor may offer new opportunities for high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Summary: Based on the described novel approaches for early detection, prevention and management of CS-AKI, a precision-medicine approach should be implemented in order to prevent the development of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
期刊介绍：
Published bimonthly and offering a unique and wide ranging perspective on the key developments in the field, each issue of Current Opinion in Anesthesiology features hand-picked review articles from our team of expert editors. With fifteen disciplines published across the year – including cardiovascular anesthesiology, neuroanesthesia and pain medicine – every issue also contains annotated references detailing the merits of the most important papers.
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