Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales and Achievement Goal Questionnaire 3 × 2: More Different than Similar

The present study examined the convergent validity between two frequently used achievement goal instruments: Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS) and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire 3 × 2 (AGQ 3 × 2). Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models tested for relationships both within and across the scales in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 363). Main findings suggested that the PALS and AGQ 3 × 2 had stronger relationships within their respective instruments then between the scales. The PALS and AGQ 3 × 2 instruments had some similarities between mastery goals, but relationships between the performance goals of these two instruments were weaker or uncorrelated. These findings suggest/highlight the ongoing disparities in the measurement of achievement goal theory. Future research should consider that the PALS and AGQ 3 × 2 goal instrumently likely measure different theoretical constructs.