据报道,全国范围内的家庭记录缺货——免疫计划需要关注的一个安静问题

David W Brown, M. Gacic-Dobo
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引用次数: 8

摘要

家庭记录(HBR)是在初级医疗服务提供过程中进行记录和沟通的重要工具。不幸的是,HBR目前无法在许多社区实现其预期目的,要么是因为HBR在功能上没有经过精心设计以实现其目标,要么是没有提供,要么没有被护理人员和/或卫生工作者充分采用和/或适当利用。本简要报告描述了2014年和2015年期间,195个国家向世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会报告了免疫系统绩效数据,其中国家报告的HBR缺货情况和HBR融资模式。2014年和2015年,分别有19个和22个国家报告了国家级HBR缺货情况,其中11个国家在2014年和15年报告了缺货情况。2015年,报告HBR缺货的22个国家中有12个来自非洲地区,其中三分之二的国家符合全球疫苗免疫联盟的资格。2014年有66个国家(19个符合全球疫苗免疫联盟资格)和2015年有53个国家(11个符合全球接种联盟资格)没有提供或报告HBR缺货信息。在2015年报告HBR缺货的22个国家中,12个(54%)国家报告了单一的HBR融资来源,9个(41%)国家报告的HBR资金来源不止一个。HBR缺货的发生仍然是一个令人担忧的问题,特别是在引入新疫苗的符合全球疫苗免疫联盟条件的国家,这些国家获得了用于修订和打印包括HBR在内的新记录工具的专项资金。需要进一步关注了解缺货的根本原因,并确定解决方案,以确保在所有国家的正确时间、正确地点以正确的数量随时提供设计良好、耐用的HBR。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reported National Level Stock-Outs of Home-Based Records—A Quiet Problem for Immunization Programmes That Needs Attention
Home-based records (HBRs) are an important tool for recording and communicating within primary healthcare service delivery. Unfortunately, HBRs are currently unable to fulfil their intended purpose in many communities either because the HBR is not functionally well-designed to serve its objectives, not made available, not fully adopted and/or not appropriately utilized by caregivers and/or health workers. This brief report describes the occurrence of nationally reported HBR stock-outs and HBR financing patterns during 2014 and 2015 across 195 countries reporting immunization system performance data to the World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund. National level HBR stock-outs were reported by 19 and 22 countries during 2014 and 2015, respectively, with eleven countries reporting stock-outs during both 2014 and 2015. During 2015, 12 of the 22 countries reporting HBR stock-outs were from the African Region and two-thirds of the countries were Gavi-eligible. Information on HBR stock-outs was either not available or not reported by 66 countries (19 were Gavi-eligible) for 2014 and 53 (11 were Gavi-eligible) countries for 2015. Among the 22 countries reporting HBR stock-outs in 2015, 12 (54%) countries reported a single HBR financing source, and nine (41%) countries reported more than one source for HBR financing. The occurrence of HBR stock-outs remains a concern, particularly in Gavi-eligible countries introducing new vaccines where dedicated funding is received for revising and printing new recording tools, including HBRs. Additional attention is needed to understand the root causes for stock-outs and identify solutions to ensure a well-designed, durable HBR is readily available in the right quantity, in the right place at the right time in all countries.
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