2020年COID-19疫情封锁期间莫斯科的地表城市热岛

Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
M. A. Lokoshchenko, E. A. Enukova
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引用次数: 1

摘要

研究了2020年春季2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)大流行封锁(严格隔离措施期)对莫斯科“地表城市热岛”(SUHI)地理现象的影响。为此,我们使用了安装在Terra和Aqua卫星上的中分辨率成像光谱辐射计(MODIS)辐射计对地表温度TS的测量。因此,由于春季相对寒冷,2020年封锁期间,城市和周边农村地区的TS都低于前20年同期。封锁期间,作为莫斯科内部及其周围农村地区TS之间差异的SUHI强度也低于往常(过去20年的平均值),但这种下降相对较小且不显著。封锁期间,莫斯科和莫斯科地区的归一化差异植被指数(NDVI)接近其正常值,但叶面积指数(LAI)明显低于前20年的平均值。因此,在2020年封锁期间,SUHI的减弱主要是由于农村地区蒸腾作用导致的热量损失降低。这与春季寒冷导致植被发育放缓有关。此外,另一个可能的原因是,由于城市中许多人为热源的崩溃,人类活动减少。根据长期MODIS数据,尽管气候发生了变化,但莫斯科的SUHI强度和莫斯科地区的地表温度以及NDVI和LAI值在过去21年的春季并没有显示出统计上显著的长期趋势。在春季,当城市的雪融化速度更快时,当它仍然在农村地区持续时,SUHI强度可能会创下历史新高(高达8ºC)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Surface Urban Heat Island In Moscow During The COID-19 Pandemic Lockdown In 2020
The influence of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown (the period of strict quarantine measures) in the spring of 2020 on the ‘Surface Urban Heat Island’ (SUHI) geographical phenomenon in Moscow has been studied. For this purpose, we used the measurements of the surface temperature TS made by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) radiometer installed on Terra and Aqua satellites. As a result, TS during the 2020 lockdown, both in the city and surrounding rural zone, was found lower than at the same calendar time in the previous 20 years due to the relatively cold spring. The SUHI intensity as the difference between TS inside Moscow and the surrounding rural zone around it during the lockdown was also lower than usual (on average in the previous 20 years), but this decrease is relatively small and nonsignificant. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in Moscow and Moscow region during the lockdown was close to its usual values, but the leaf area index (LAI) was significantly lower than its average values in the previous 20 years. Thus, the weakening of the SUHI during the lockdown in 2020 was caused mostly by lower heat loss due to transpiration in the rural zone. This was associated with the slowdown in vegetation development as a result of the cold spring. Besides, an additional possible reason was the reduction of human activity due to the collapse of many anthropogenic heat sources in the city. According to long-term MODIS data, the SUHI intensity in Moscow and the surface temperature in Moscow region, as well as the NDVI and LAI values, do not demonstrate statistically significant long-term trends in the spring season over the past 21 years, despite climate changes. In spring, during faster snow melting in cities, when it still persists in the rural zone, the SUHI intensity can be record high (up to 8 ºC).
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来源期刊
Geography, Environment, Sustainability
Geography, Environment, Sustainability Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal “GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY” is founded by the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University, The Russian Geographical Society and by the Institute of Geography of RAS. It is the official journal of Russian Geographical Society, and a fully open access journal. Journal “GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY” publishes original, innovative, interdisciplinary and timely research letter articles and concise reviews on studies of the Earth and its environment scientific field. This goal covers a broad spectrum of scientific research areas (physical-, social-, economic-, cultural geography, environmental sciences and sustainable development) and also considers contemporary and widely used research methods, such as geoinformatics, cartography, remote sensing (including from space), geophysics, geochemistry, etc. “GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY” is the only original English-language journal in the field of geography and environmental sciences published in Russia. It is supposed to be an outlet from the Russian-speaking countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the Russian-speaking countries regarding environmental and Earth sciences, geography and sustainability. The main sections of the journal are the theory of geography and ecology, the theory of sustainable development, use of natural resources, natural resources assessment, global and regional changes of environment and climate, social-economical geography, ecological regional planning, sustainable regional development, applied aspects of geography and ecology, geoinformatics and ecological cartography, ecological problems of oil and gas sector, nature conservations, health and environment, and education for sustainable development. Articles are freely available to both subscribers and the wider public with permitted reuse.
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