Modified Silicon Anode for Improved Low Temperature Performance of Lithium-ion Batteries

The shift away from fossil fuels for modern day energy requirements has resulted in a higher demand for electric vehicles and has led to a critical role for lithium-ion batteries. Next generation higher capacity electrode materials are needed to meet the demands of future electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries function optimally around room temperature (23°C), but discharge capacity diminishes rapidly below 0°C and significantly affects population living in colder climates. Higher capacity electrode materials such as silicon need to be paired with new electrolytes that favor ideal low temperature performance. This work pairs a typical nickel rich lithium cathode with a modified silicon anode and a ternary carbonate/ester electrolyte to demonstrate improved discharge capacity at sub zero temperature.