3D waviness effect of carbon nanotubes on fundamental natural frequency and modeling of resonance of nanocomposite structure

Optimum waviness of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) inside a matrix composite beam and composite bridge is endeavor to obtain its utmost natural frequencies considering a volume fraction of CNTs. 3D FE model of the beam is generated via ABAQUS along with Python programming and thereafter to calculate an optimal waviness under encastre boundary conditions and different vibration modes. The effect of waviness and the number of waves on mode shapes, natural frequency, and corresponding stiffness of a beam are examined, and the outcomes are compared to those of a pure polymer beam, straight CNT-based composite beam and nanobridge value. It was decided to conduct a convergence analysis and the optimum value of the number of elements and nodes was studied and found that 19666 nodes are reliable to give correct results. The FE analysis results reveal that the waviness effect of CNTs significantly depends on mode shapes. The fundamental natural frequency, as well as other related vibrational properties, is observed to be enhanced. By decreasing the waviness from 50 to 25, there is an increment in natural frequency in the 3rd mode by 68.68, 5th mode by 44.6 and 6th mode by 62.4, but in other modes, there is negligible difference. When single-wave CNTs were compared, the sine wave produced more frequency in the third mode by 206.03, 4th mode by 199.8 and 6th mode by 478.6[Formula: see text]Hz. After comparing the results of different waviness types, single sine waviness, multi-waved CNTs, straight CNTs and neat matrix, it is found that for the highest value of waviness of CNT fiber-based nanocomposites, the natural frequency of CNT-reinforced nanocomposite reaches the frequency of the neat matrix and further adding of CNTs does not increase the value of frequency. The result showed that the finite element model (FEM) is a good simulation of the vibratory system.