二十世纪之交南太平洋温带热条件的年际变化

IF 0.7 Q4 OCEANOGRAPHY
I. D. Rostov, E. Dmitrieva, N. Rudykh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

意图本研究的目的是确定过去四十年来南太平洋温带表层空气温度Ta、海面温度(SST)和上层1000米水层温度Tw年际变化的时空特征,这表现为二十世纪之交行星变化和气候变化的结果。此外,还计划评估揭示的特征的趋势及其与大气和海洋表面过程的可能因果关系。方法和结果。根据全球气象网和再分析数据(NOAA),确定了过去40年来水温和气温年际波动的区域特征和趋势,以及它们与压力场和风场、大气作用中心强度和气候指数变化的关系。应用了聚类分析、相关分析和回归分析方法,以及经验正交函数(EOF)装置。Ta和SST场变化的积极趋势主要表现在该地区的西北部,在那里具有统计学意义,并在塔斯曼海地区和新西兰东北部达到10年来的最高0.4–0.6°C。气温和水温趋势值最小、负值或不显著的水域位于所研究水域的南部和东部边缘——受寒流影响的区域。在整个调查水域,年平均SST和Ta的趋势约为0.04–0.06°C/10年,比北太平洋亚北极地区的趋势低2-3倍。不同层位水温趋势的时空变化特征与SST趋势特征存在显著差异。趋势的空间分布已经在上层200-m内发生了变化;在更深的地方,在该水域的东南部观察到该值的最大值。结论。所获得的结果使我们能够表征南太平洋温带大气表层、SST和Tw垂直分布对全球持续变化的响应的异质性程度,识别孤立区域,定量估计这些水域的变暖速度,并将这些估计数与太平洋其他区域的估计数进行比较。结果表明,在年际温度变化中,暖期和冷期交替的各个阶段与区域CI和AAC状态的变化是一致的;这一事实强调了这些过程在空间和时间上的不均匀性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Interannual Variability of Thermal Conditions in the Extratropical Zone of the South Pacific at the Turn of the XX–XXI Centuries
Purpose. The aim of the study consists in identifying the spatial-temporal features of interannual changes in the surface air temperature Ta, the sea surface temperature (SST) and the upper 1000-meter water layer temperature Tw in the extratropical zone of the South Pacific Ocean over the past four decades, which are manifested as a result of the planetary changes and a shift in the climatic regime at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries. Besides, the revealed features’ trends and their possible cause-and-effect relationships with the processes in the atmosphere and on the ocean surface are planned to be assessed. Methods and Results. Based on the Global Meteorological Network and Reanalysis data (NOAA), regional features and trends of the water and air temperature interannual fluctuations, and their relation to variations in the pressure and wind fields, intensity of the atmosphere action centers (AAC) and climatic indices (CI) over the past 4 decades have been determined. Applied were the methods of the cluster, correlation and regression analysis, as well as the apparatus of empirical orthogonal functions (EOF). The positive trends in changes of the Ta and SST fields are manifested mainly in the northwestern part of the region, where they are statistically significant and reach their maximum 0.4–0.6°C over 10 years in the Tasman Sea region and to the northeast of New Zealand. The water areas with minimal, negative or insignificant values of the air and water temperature trends are located on the southern and eastern peripheries of the water area under study – in the areas of influence of cold currents. Over the entire investigated water area, the trends in the mean annual SST and Ta were ~ 0.04–0.06°C/10 years that are 2–3 times less than those in the subarctic region of the North Pacific Ocean. The features of spatial-temporal variability of the water temperature trends at different horizons differ significantly from the characteristics of the SST trends. The trends’ spatial distribution is already transformed within the upper 200-m layer; and deeper, maximums of this value are observed in the southeastern part of the water area. Conclusions. The results obtained made it possible to characterize the degree of heterogeneity of response of the atmosphere surface layer, SST and vertical distribution of Tw in the extratropical zone of the South Pacific to the ongoing global changes, to identify the isolated areas, to estimate quantitatively the warming rate in these water areas, and to compare these estimates with those of the other regions in the Pacific Ocean. It is shown that the individual phases of alternation of the warm and cold periods in the interannual temperature variation are consistent with the changes of the regional CI and the AAC state; this fact emphasizes the inhomogeneous nature of these processes in space and time.
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来源期刊
Physical Oceanography
Physical Oceanography OCEANOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
25.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
24 weeks
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