观鸟活动和临床实践中的骚动:它是如何工作的,为什么?

IF 0.3 Q4 PSYCHIATRY
Ramon Grimalt, S. Murawiec, P. Tryjanowski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

世界“摇摆”是英语国家观鸟语言的一部分。它的含义是识别鸟类种类的特征的组合,但这些特征可能无法单独区分。Jizz被描述为一种具体的观察方式,它可以瞬间揭示鸟类的身份,暂停对诊断特征的艰苦而细致的研究。在医学中,有一种“临床直觉”的概念——在没有明确意识到连续推理阶段的情况下做出判断和临床诊断。在某些情况下,直觉决策可以改善决策,并最终导致比分析深思熟虑更好的性能。观鸟者(关于鸟类)和医生(既定诊断)脑海中出现的基于一组不完整信息的突然结论是否准确?我们如何利用这种相似性来理解制定医学诊断的过程?本文从大脑作为预测工具的理论出发,讨论了“临床直觉”和“摇摆”现象。根据这种观点,大脑的主要功能是对单词进行预测,而不是费力地分析每一个连续时刻来自环境的刺激。根据我们的说法,这一理论可以解释观鸟者观察到的Jizz和医学实践中的临床直觉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Jizz in birdwatching activity and clinical practice: how it works and why?
The world “jizz” is part of the language of birding in the English-speaking nations. It’s meaning is combination of characteristics which identify kind of a bird, but this characteristics may not be distinguished individually. Jizz is described as embodied way of seeing that instantaneously reveals the identity of a birds species, suspending the laborious and meticulous study of an diagnostic characteristics. In medicine there is an idea of “clinical intuition” - making judgments and clinical diagnoses without clear awareness of consecutive stages of reasoning. Intuitive decision making has been found in some cases to improve decisions and eventually lead into better performance than analytic deliberation. Can a certain sudden conclusions that appear in minds of both birdwatchers (about bird species) and medical doctors (established diagnosis), based on the use of an incomplete set of information, be accurate? And how we can use this similarity to understand process of formulating medical diagnoses? In this paper we discuss the phenomena of jizz and “clinical intuition” in the light of theory of brain as a tool of making predictions. According to this view the primary function of the brain is to make predictions about the word, rather than laborious analysis of the stimuli coming in from the environment at each successive moment. That theory according to us can explain both Jizz observed by birdwatchers and clinical intuition in medical practice.
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