{"title":"用于调查淡水龟的廉价无人机系统的初步数据:低成本无人机的优点和缺点","authors":"J. Escobar, Mark A. Rollins, S. Unger","doi":"10.1139/juvs-2018-0037","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are established, valuable tools for wildlife surveys in marine and terrestrial environments; however, they are seldom utilized in freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, baseline data on the use of UAVs in lotic environments are needed that balances flight parameters (e.g., altitude and noise level) with image quality, while minimizing disturbance to individuals. Moreover, the traditional high-cost UAVs may present challenges to researchers conducting rapid assessments on species presence with limited funding. However, emerging, affordable UAV systems can provide this preliminary data to researchers, albeit with caveats on reliability of data. We tested a low-cost UAV system to document freshwater turtle presence, species distribution, and habitat use in a small North Carolina wetland. We observed minimal instances of turtles fleeing basking sites (∼0.7%), as this UAV system was only ∼2.1 dB above ambient noise levels at an altitude of 20 m. Freshwater turtles were found primarily in algal mat basking habitats with highly variable numbers observed across locations and flights, likely due to image quality reliability and altitude. Our affordable UAV system was successful in providing baseline information on species presence, size distribution, and habitat preference of turtles in freshwater ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":45619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/juvs-2018-0037","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Preliminary data on an affordable UAV system to survey for freshwater turtles: advantages and disadvantages of low-cost drones\",\"authors\":\"J. Escobar, Mark A. Rollins, S. Unger\",\"doi\":\"10.1139/juvs-2018-0037\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are established, valuable tools for wildlife surveys in marine and terrestrial environments; however, they are seldom utilized in freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, baseline data on the use of UAVs in lotic environments are needed that balances flight parameters (e.g., altitude and noise level) with image quality, while minimizing disturbance to individuals. Moreover, the traditional high-cost UAVs may present challenges to researchers conducting rapid assessments on species presence with limited funding. However, emerging, affordable UAV systems can provide this preliminary data to researchers, albeit with caveats on reliability of data. We tested a low-cost UAV system to document freshwater turtle presence, species distribution, and habitat use in a small North Carolina wetland. We observed minimal instances of turtles fleeing basking sites (∼0.7%), as this UAV system was only ∼2.1 dB above ambient noise levels at an altitude of 20 m. Freshwater turtles were found primarily in algal mat basking habitats with highly variable numbers observed across locations and flights, likely due to image quality reliability and altitude. Our affordable UAV system was successful in providing baseline information on species presence, size distribution, and habitat preference of turtles in freshwater ecosystems.\",\"PeriodicalId\":45619,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-09-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/juvs-2018-0037\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2018-0037\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"REMOTE SENSING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2018-0037","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"REMOTE SENSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
Preliminary data on an affordable UAV system to survey for freshwater turtles: advantages and disadvantages of low-cost drones
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are established, valuable tools for wildlife surveys in marine and terrestrial environments; however, they are seldom utilized in freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, baseline data on the use of UAVs in lotic environments are needed that balances flight parameters (e.g., altitude and noise level) with image quality, while minimizing disturbance to individuals. Moreover, the traditional high-cost UAVs may present challenges to researchers conducting rapid assessments on species presence with limited funding. However, emerging, affordable UAV systems can provide this preliminary data to researchers, albeit with caveats on reliability of data. We tested a low-cost UAV system to document freshwater turtle presence, species distribution, and habitat use in a small North Carolina wetland. We observed minimal instances of turtles fleeing basking sites (∼0.7%), as this UAV system was only ∼2.1 dB above ambient noise levels at an altitude of 20 m. Freshwater turtles were found primarily in algal mat basking habitats with highly variable numbers observed across locations and flights, likely due to image quality reliability and altitude. Our affordable UAV system was successful in providing baseline information on species presence, size distribution, and habitat preference of turtles in freshwater ecosystems.