素食和地中海饮食对健康的益处:叙述性综述

IF 2.3 4区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Katarzyna Pieczyńska, P. Rzymski
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引用次数: 1

摘要

饮食是影响疾病风险的重要生活方式因素。素食和地中海饮食有其支持者,并因各种潜在的健康益处而得到推广。多年来,已经进行了大量的横断面和队列研究以及随机临床试验,以阐明地中海和素食与心血管、癌症、糖尿病和其他疾病风险之间的关系。最近,有研究直接比较了这两种饮食。在这篇叙述性综述中,我们讨论了素食和地中海饮食对血脂、血压、炎症标志物、体重、心血管疾病风险、癌症、糖尿病、代谢综合征和慢性肾脏疾病的影响,以及它们与肠道微生物群和心理健康的关系。本文还讨论了素食和地中海饮食的比较研究及其对健康的影响。它提供了进一步的证据,证明这两种饮食都是有益的,并提倡推广它们,尤其是在受各种慢性生活方式相关疾病困扰的西化人群中。与此同时,地中海饮食模式似乎是一种优越的公共卫生策略,不太容易出现营养缺乏的风险,在更广泛的范围内植入也不那么具有挑战性。然而,建议基于交叉设计和长期观察进行进一步研究,以彻底比较素食和地中海饮食,并就其对健康的影响得出更确切的结论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Health Benefits of Vegetarian and Mediterranean Diets: Narrative Review
Diet is an important lifestyle factor influencing disease risk. Vegetarian and Mediterranean diets have their proponents and are promoted for various potential health benefits. Over the years, numerous cross-sectional and cohort studies and randomized clinical trials have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between the Mediterranean and vegetarian diet and cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, and other disease risks. More recently, research has been conducted to compare both diets directly. In this narrative review, we discuss the effects of vegetarian and Mediterranean diets on lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammation markers, body weight, risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease, as well as their associations with gut microbiota and mental health. The paper also discusses the studies comparing vegetarian and Mediterranean diets and their health effects. It provides further evidence that both diets can be beneficial and advocates their promotion, especially in Westernized populations plagued by various chronic lifestyle-associated diseases. At the same time, the Mediterranean dietary model may appear to be a superior public health strategy, less prone to the risk of nutritional deficiencies and less challenging in implantation on a broader scale. However, further studies based on cross-over design and long-term observations are recommended to thoroughly compare vegetarian and Mediterranean diets and draw more firm conclusions on their effects on health.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
25
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences publishes original, basic and applied papers, reviews and short communications on fundamental and applied food research in the following Sections: -Food Technology: Innovative technology of food development including biotechnological and microbiological aspects Effects of processing on food composition and nutritional value -Food Chemistry: Bioactive constituents of foods Chemistry relating to major and minor components of food Analytical methods -Food Quality and Functionality: Sensory methodologies Functional properties of food Food physics Quality, storage and safety of food -Nutritional Research Section: Nutritional studies relating to major and minor components of food (excluding works related to questionnaire surveys) -“News” section: Announcements of congresses Miscellanea
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