Optimization of Tribotechnical Properties of Fibrous Carding Tape in the Production of Artificial Fur

The study is devoted to the optimization of tribotechnical properties of fibrous carding tape for the production of artificial fur. The influence of the amount of IS-2 emulsifier applied to the fibers of the carding tape on the quality indicators of artificial fur, such as the surface density of the pile cover, the mass of loosely fixed fibers, the specific surface electrical resistance, resistance to pile dumping and the strength of the tape, has been studied. The mechanisms of the influence of the oiler on the dynamic coefficient of friction and the coefficient of tangential resistance of the fibrous carding tape were established and the consumption of the emulsifier applied to the fibers was optimized to achieve maximum quality indicators of artificial fur (2–3 g of emulsifier per 1 kg of fiber). The results of the conducted studies have shown that the oiling of fibers in the production of artificial fur with fat-free emulsifier IS-2 at an optimal concentration of 2–3 g of emulsifier per 1 kg of fiber, depending on the type of fur, leads to an increase in the mass of the pile cover from 5.4 to 19% (fur density increases), to a significant decrease from 77.8 to 81.3% of the mass of loosely fixed fibers in the pile, reducing the specific surface electrical resistance from 22.6 to 45.4%. It has been established that the resistance of the pile to dumping does not depend on the concentration of the emulsifier on the fiber surface. Also, at an optimal concentration the greatest strength and the minimum coefficient of variation are achieved, i.e., the best uniformity of strength along the tape.