A dataset of multiple cropping indexes with the 10 m spatial resolution on Hainan Island in 2016 and 2020

The multiple cropping index is an important parameter for the evaluation of cultivated land fertility and agroecological evaluation. The development of remote sensing technology makes it possible to monitor multiple cropping indexes with high temporal and spatial resolution. Based on Sentinel-2 data, we used in this paper the Savitzky-Golay filtering method and the quadratic difference method to carry out a research on the extraction of the multiple cropping indexes on Hainan Island. We combined the ground sample data in 2020 for verification to produce a dataset of multiple cropping indexes on Hainan Island in 2016 and 2020. The overall accuracy of the multiple cropping indexes obtained by remote sensing extraction in this way is 91.9%, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.9. This dataset can be used as basic data for the analysis of temporal and spatial changes of cultivated lands in Hainan. Moreover, it can also provide data reference and decision support for Hainan Province to carry out the supervision of agricultural ecological resources and implement the sustainable development strategy of tropical high-efficiency agriculture.