益生元生物活性对仔猪自然抗性、安全性和生产能力的影响

V. Lyasota, V. Malyna, L. Bondarenko, V. Bolokhovska, Y. Balatsky, N. Bukalova, N. Bogatko, O. Khitska, S. Tkachuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

畜牧业的首要任务是为人口提供高质量的食品,并为该行业提供原材料。为此,有必要确保幼猪的高水平生产力和安全性。近年来进行的研究表明,幼年农场动物胃肠道疾病的发病率增加,导致仔猪机体的免疫生物反应性降低,并对农场造成重大损害。在进行研究时,我们使用了动物技术、动物卫生、生物化学、免疫学和变分统计研究方法。2010-2018年期间,比拉·泽尔科娃国立农业大学动物卫生和兽医基础系开展了研究工作。在Progress LLC(Bila Tserkva区Uzin)和Denienko LLC(基辅地区Skvirsky区)的农场进行了科学和经济实验以及生产测试。实验研究在动物卫生与兽医基础系免疫学问题实验室、生物化学和组织化学研究方法学科间实验室进行。首次将益生元生物活性物质作为饲料添加剂应用于工业饲养仔猪的日粮中,证实了其对仔猪的安全性、生产性、生理免疫状态等方面的积极作用。首次确定了用于生长猪的益生元生物活性剂的最佳剂量,并开发了其使用方法。当每天用复合饲料喂养30天时,生长猪的益生元生物活性剂的最佳剂量为每10公斤体重5克(5x107 CFU),这有助于在研究的第30天和第60天仔猪的平均日增重分别增加17.2%(P<0.01)和16.6%(P<0.05)。用生物活性物质喂猪可使血清总蛋白含量增加7.2%(P<0.05),白蛋白增加5.2%,γ-球蛋白增加6.3%,AST活性增加23.1%(P<0.01),ALT增加22.4%(P<0.01,免疫活性细胞的分化和特化增加:T淋巴细胞总数增加5.43%(P<0.05)、B淋巴细胞总数增加2.85%、T淋巴细胞总数减少5.43%(P<0.01),由于低狂热免疫活性细胞水平的降低,中等狂热T淋巴细胞的数量也增加了9.19%(P<0.05),B淋巴细胞的数量增加了10.28%(P<0.05)。以最佳剂量使用益生元生物活性物质可促进代谢过程的激活、抗原非特异性免疫和猪体重的增加。关键词:工业养猪,育幼,饲养条件,胃肠道,益生元,免疫生物反应性,代谢,安全。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of the prebiotic Bio-active on natural resistance, safety and productivity of young pigs
The primary task of the livestock industry is to provide the population with high-quality food products, and the industry with raw materials. For this, it is necessary to ensure a high level of productivity and safety of young pigs. Studies carried out in recent years indicate an increase in the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases among young farm animals, leading to a decrease in the immunobiological reactivity of the piglets' organism and significant damage to farms. When performing the research, we used zootechnical, zoohygienic, biochemical, immunological and variational-statistical research methods. Research work was carried out during 2010-2018 at the Department of Animal Hygiene and Fundamentals of Veterinary Medicine of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University. Scientific and economic experiments and production tests were carried out in the farms of Progress LLC (Uzin, Bila Tserkva district) and Denisenko LLC (Skvirsky district, Kyiv region). Experimental studies were carried out in the Problem Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Animal Hygiene and Fundamentals of Veterinary Medicine, interfaculty laboratory of biochemical and histochemical research methods. For the first time, the prebiotic Bio-active was used as a feed additive in the diet of young pigs on growing at industrial keeping, its positive effect on the safety, productivity, physiological and immunological state of their body was proved. For the first time, the optimal dose of the prebiotic Bio-active for growing pigs was established and a method of its use was developed. The optimal dose of the prebiotic Bio-active for growing young pigs is 5 g (5x107 CFU) per 10 kg of body weight when fed with compound feed once a day for 30 days, which contributes to an increase in the average daily weight gain of piglets by 17.2 % (P <0.01) and 16.6 % (P <0.05) on the 30th and 60th days of the study, respectively. Feeding pigs with Bio-active promotes an increase in the content of total blood serum protein by 7.2 % (P <0.05), albumin – by 5.2 %, γ-globulins – by 6.3 %, an increase in AST activity – by 23, 1 % (P <0.05) and ALT – by 22.4 % (P <0.01). In the peripheral blood of rearing pigs under the influence of the prebiotic Bio-active, the proliferation, differentiation and specialization of immunocompetent cells increase: an increase in the total number of T-lymphocytes by 5.43 % (P <0.05), B-lymphocytes by 2.85 %, a decrease in the content of 0-lymphocytes – by 8.29 % (P <0.05). The number of medium-avid T-lymphocytes also increases – by 9.19 % (P <0.05) and B-lymphocytes – by 10.28 % (P <0.05) due to a decrease in the level of low-avid immunocompetent cells. The use of the prebiotic Bio-active in an optimal dose promotes the activation of metabolic processes, antigen-nonspecific immunity and an increase in the body weight of pigs. Key words: industrial pig breeding, rearing young pigs, housing conditions, gastrointestinal canal, prebiotic, immunobiological reactivity, metabolism, safety.
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