社区领袖对西非性别暴力刑事司法系统的影响——以尼日利亚和加纳为例

IF 0.1 Q4 LAW
Olanike S. Adelakun
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引用次数: 0

摘要

基于性别的暴力仍然是一种全球性现象。尽管许多非洲国家已采取立法措施,将构成基于性别暴力的各种行为定为刑事犯罪,但其有效性受到了质疑和记录。许多受害者/幸存者寻求在其特定社区适当和可接受的非正式社区司法。本文探讨了西非,特别是尼日利亚和加纳基于性别的暴力犯罪刑事司法系统中基于社区的司法方法。虽然尼日利亚是一个纯粹的父系社会,但加纳是父系社会和母系社会的混合体。本文考察了母系文化对加纳基于性别的暴力犯罪社区司法的影响。与起诉GBV罪犯和保护幸存者的正式司法相比,它审查了这些方法在识别和惩罚罪犯以及确保幸存者的正义和结案方面的有效性。采用定性社会法律方法进行桌面文献审查,并通过访谈收集新的数据。调查发现,社区司法越来越受欢迎,原因有几个,包括正式司法分配进程缓慢、腐败和案件流失率高。提出了改革正式刑事司法系统以与尼日利亚和加纳的社区刑事司法系统取得平衡的建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Influence of Community Leaders on the Criminal Justice System of Gender-based Violence in West Africa: A Case Study of Nigeria and Ghana
Gender-based violence (GBV) continues to be a global phenomenon. Though many African countries have taken legislative steps to criminalise various acts that constitute GBV, the effectiveness of which has been challenged and documented. Many victims/survivors seek informal communal justice that is appropriate and acceptable in their specific communities. This article examines community-based justice approaches in the criminal justice system of GBV crimes in West Africa, specifically in Nigeria and Ghana. While Nigeria is a purely patrilineal society, Ghana is a hybrid of both patrilineal and matrilineal societies. The article examines the influence of matrilineal culture on community justice regarding GBV crimes in Ghana. It examines the effectiveness of these approaches in identifying and punishing offenders as well as ensuring justice and closure for survivors as compared to formal justice in the prosecution of GBV offenders and the protection of survivors. The qualitative socio-legal method was adopted to conduct a desktop literature review as well as to collect fresh data by way of interviews. It was found that community-based justice is gaining popularity owing to several factors, including the slow process of formal justice dispensation, corruption and high rates of case attrition. Suggestions for reforms of the formal criminal justice system to gain a balance with the community systems of criminal justice in Nigeria and Ghana are made.
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