文化和移民如何影响风险评估

IF 7.6 1区 社会学 Q1 LAW
S. Schmidt, E. Meer, Stefan Tydecks, Thomas Bliesener
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引用次数: 16

摘要

我们系统地将跨文化文献与中央八大风险因素联系起来,作为风险评估程序的一个例子。我们预计,与没有移民背景的德国罪犯相比,具有土耳其或阿拉伯国家移民背景(MB)的罪犯在犯罪史、犯罪态度、反社会伴侣、教育和就业问题上得分更高。相反,对于具有土耳其或阿拉伯国家移民背景的罪犯,假设与父母关系不满意、酒精和休闲相关因素的风险降低。中央八项风险因素回顾性地适用于刑期超过12个月的男性罪犯。没有MB的德国罪犯(n = 214)与土耳其(n = 135)或阿拉伯(n = 112) MB的罪犯在风险概况和预测效度方面进行了比较。德国无MB罪犯的风险特征与德国无MB罪犯的风险特征存在差异(d = 0.25 ~ 0.56)。无MB罪犯的反社会人格、犯罪态度、反社会同伴和酒精/毒品问题显著预测不同的再犯事件(AUC = 0.56 ~ 0.73)。除了反社会的同伴(AUC = 0.50)外,具有土耳其MB的罪犯也发现了类似的结果(AUC = 0.60 - 0.70)。阿拉伯MB的结果是不确定的;只有酒精/药物问题始终显示良好的预测值(AUC = 0.66 - 0.68)。研究结果表明,在风险评估中采用文化敏感性方法是不可避免的,并对文化敏感性研究、风险评估和罪犯治疗提出了建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How Culture and Migration Affect Risk Assessment
We systematically linked cross-cultural literature to the Central Eight risk factors as an example of risk assessment procedures. We expected offenders with a migration background (MB) from Turkey or Arab ries to score higher on criminal history, criminal attitudes, antisocial companions, and education and employment problems in comparison to German offenders without an MB. In contrast, for offenders with an MB from Turkey or Arab ries, a reduced risk for unsatisfactory relationships with their parents, alcohol, and leisure-related factors was assumed. The Central Eight risk factors were applied retrospectively for male offenders serving a sentence length of more than 12 months. German offenders without an MB (n = 214) were compared to offenders with a Turkish (n = 135) or Arab (n = 112) MB concerning risk profiles and predictive validity. Risk profiles of offenders with an MB deviated (d = 0.25-0.56) from risk profiles of German offenders without an MB. For offenders without an MB criminal history, antisocial personality, criminal attitudes, antisocial companions, and alcohol/drug problems significantly predicted (AUC = .56-.73) different recidivism events. Similar results were found for offenders with a Turkish MB (AUC = .60-.70) except for antisocial companions (AUC = .50). Results for offenders with an Arab MB were inconclusive; only alcohol/drug problems consistently showed good predictive values (AUC = .66-.68). Findings demonstrate that a culture-sensitive approach in risk assessment is inevitable and recommendations for culture-sensitive research, risk assessment, and offender treatment are discussed.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.60
自引率
9.50%
发文量
10
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, the official journal of the Sociedad Española de Psicología Jurídica y Forense [Spanish Society of Forensic Psychology] and the Asociación Iberoamericana de Justicia Terapéutica [Latin-American Association of Therapeutic Jurisprudence], publishes empirical articles and meta-analytic reviews of topics dealing with psychology and law (e.g., legal decision making, eyewitness). The journal is aimed at researchers, academics and professionals in Psychology, Law, Social Work, Forensic Sciences, Educators and, in general, people related with Social Sciences and the Law.
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