安息日观察者,特殊主义者和宗教组织:平等就业机会委员会如何想象工作中的宗教

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 Q2 HISTORY
I. Weiner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要美国平等就业机会委员会负责执行1964年《民权法案》第七章,在塑造美国宗教生活方面发挥着被忽视但极其重要的作用。尽管宗教、法律和美国文化的学者们投入了大量精力来分析联邦法院为保护宗教而定义宗教的方式,但他们对平等就业机会委员会等行政机构的作用关注较少。在这篇文章中,我认为私人工作场所为了解国家如何监管和管理美国宗教生活提供了一个关键的场所。我将平等就业机会委员会的监管指南和合规手册视为了解美国宗教、法律和工作之间不断变化的关系的重要来源。我在平等就业机会委员会的档案中发现了三种紧张的宗教信仰模式,或三种类型的宗教行为者,每种都有一个独特的谱系:安息日观察者、白痴和组织。白痴主义者和本组织的人物对宗教的概念截然不同,但他们都认为宗教和工作的要求可以巧妙地调和。他们认为,宗教可以无缝地融入工作场所,而不会破坏资本主义的运作。然而,对于那些关心经济不平等、企业权力和新自由主义工作条件的人来说,我建议重新审视平等就业机会委员会的安息日观察员可能是有益的,他坚持在工作和市场之外享有集体生活形式和价值的权利。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Sabbath Observer, the Idiosyncratist, and the Religious Organization: How the EEOC Imagines Religion at Work
ABSTRACT Charged with enforcing Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission plays an overlooked but profoundly important role in shaping American religious life. While scholars of religion, law, and American culture have devoted a great deal of energy to analyzing the ways that federal courts define religion for the purposes of protecting it, they have paid less attention to the role of administrative agencies, like the EEOC. In this article, I argue that the private workplace offers a critical site for understanding how the state regulates and manages American religious life. I look to the EEOC's regulatory guidelines and compliance manuals as important sources for understanding the shifting relationship between religion, law, and work in the United States. I identify three modes of religiosity—or three types of religious actors—existing in tension in the EEOC archive, each bearing a distinct genealogy: the Sabbath Observer, the Idiosyncratist, and the Organization. While gesturing to very different notions of what religion is, the figures of the Idiosyncratist and the Organization both assume that demands of religion and work can be neatly reconciled. They presume that religion can be seamlessly integrated into the workplace without disrupting the functioning of capitalism. However, for those concerned about economic inequality, corporate power, and neoliberal working conditions, I suggest that it may be useful to revisit the EEOC's Sabbath Observer, who insists on the right to collective forms of life and value outside of work and the market.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
25.00%
发文量
7
期刊介绍: Religion and American Culture is devoted to promoting the ongoing scholarly discussion of the nature, terms, and dynamics of religion in America. Embracing a diversity of methodological approaches and theoretical perspectives, this semiannual publication explores the interplay between religion and other spheres of American culture. Although concentrated on specific topics, articles illuminate larger patterns, implications, or contexts of American life. Edited by Philip Goff, Stephen Stein, and Peter Thuesen.
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