特格特、基金会与社会需求问题

IF 0.1 Q4 ECONOMICS
Fiorenza Manzalini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文重点介绍了安妮·罗伯特·雅克·特格特编纂并于1757年发表在《百科全书》上的条目《基金会》。特格特从社会经济的角度分析了基金会现象。为了评估这些古老的制度是否适合一个走向现代的社会,他将公共效用作为唯一的评估标准。根据Turgot的说法,这些基金会是自由企业和自由市场的障碍,因为一方面,它们通过从生产性和盈利性投资中减去资本来积累和固定资本,另一方面,在没有充分劳动力促进的情况下,它们通过鼓励闲置来提供援助和慈善。同样由于这些原因,图尔格特赞成镇压这些古老的机构,他更喜欢个人形象,积极负责,或个人自由结社。然而,图尔格特对基金会的攻击似乎只是他对所有支持古代社会秩序的机构进行更广泛批评的一个方面。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Turgot, the Fondations and the questionv of social needs
This paper focuses on the entry Fondation, compiled by Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot and published in 1757 in the Encyclopédie. Turgot analyzes the phenome-non of fondations from the socio-economic point of view. In order to assess whether these ancient institutions were suitable for a society moving towards modernity, he uses public utility as the sole criterion of assessment. According to Turgot, the fondations were an obstacle to free enterprise and free market, as on the one hand they accumulated and immobilized capital by subtracting it from productive and profitable investments and, on the other hand, they provided assis-tance and charity without adequate labour promotion by encouraging idleness. Also for these reasons Turgot is in favour of the suppression of these ancient institutions and he prefers the figure of the individual, active and responsible, or free associations of individuals. However, Turgot's attack on fondations seems only one aspect of his broader criticism of all the institutions that were supporting the ancient social order.
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CiteScore
0.20
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