1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) Induces Cell Apoptosis of Human Mesangial Cells

In China, primary glomerulonephritis is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and patients who require kidney transplantation often with ESRD. Glomerulonephritis primary’s most prevalent subtype is Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN). Although the cell apoptosis of human mesangial cells (HMCs) may be harmful in MsPGN, it plays a major role in the elimination of excessive HMCs and reparative glomerular remodelling after inflammation. A powerful mitogen for growing mesangial cells is epidermal growth factor (EGF). Therefore, it is possible to induce the proliferation of HMCs by incubating with EGF in vitro. 1,25(OH)2D3(VD3) may cause cell death in HMCs via activating AKT, caspase-3, caspase-9, JNK, and ERK, as well as elevating Bax and Bad levels.