中东欧与共产主义:政治、文化和社会1943–1991

Ingmar Oldberg
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摘要

尽管这本书的标题是《中东欧与共产主义:1943–1991年的政治、文化和社会》,但它涵盖了东欧的所有八个前共产主义国家,包括“野蛮人”南斯拉夫和不受莫斯科控制的阿尔巴尼亚。在每个国家,该框架按时间顺序考察了共产主义者的政策和权力斗争、工业化和农业集体化等经济后果,但至少考察了包括教会在内的文化领域政治的影响,以及妇女的地位,这些都是重要但常被忽视的主题。她用功能主义者罗伯特·默顿的术语得出结论,共产主义制度在任何一个不满和反对日益增长的国家都不起作用,这是意外或已实现的后果。尽管书名为《中东欧与共产主义:1943–1991年的政治、文化和社会》,但这本书涵盖了东欧所有八个前共产主义国家,包括不受莫斯科控制的特立独行的南斯拉夫和阿尔巴尼亚。Ramet按时间顺序分析了每个国家的共产主义政策和权力斗争,以及工业化和农业集体化等后果。尤其是,她关注了文化领域的影响,包括教堂,以及女性不断变化的处境。Ramet使用社会学家Robert Merton的术语得出结论,共产主义制度在这些国家中的任何一个都不起作用,而日益增长的不满和反对是意外和当前的结果之一。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
East Central Europe and Communism: Politics, Culture and Society 1943–1991
Trots titeln East Central Europe and Communism: Politics, Culture and Society 1943–1991 täcker denna bok alla eight Östeuropas tidigare kommunistiska länder, inklusive »vildarna» Jugoslavien och Albanien som inte kontrollerades av Moskva. I varje land granskar Ramet kronologiskt kommunisternas politik och maktkamp, ekonomiska konsekvenser som industrialisering och jordbrukskollektivisering, men inte minst politikens effekter inom kultursfären, inklusive kyrkorna, samt kvinnornas ställning, vilka är viktiga men ofta försummade ämnen. Hon konkluderar med funktionalisten Robert Mertons terminologi att det kommunistiska systemet inte fungerade i något land med växande missnöje och opposition som icke avsedda eller insedda följder.  Despite its title, East Central Europe and Communism: Politics, Culture and Society 1943–1991, this book covers all eight ex-Communist states in Eastern Europe, including the mavericks Yugoslavia and Albania, which were not controlled by Moscow. Ramet chronologically analyses the communist policies and power struggles in each country, and consequences such as industrialization and collectivisation of agriculture. Not least, she looks at effects in the cultural sphere, including the churches, and the changing situation for women. Ramet concludes, using the sociologist Robert Merton's terminology, that the communist system did not work in any of these countries, and growing disaffection and opposition are among the unintended and actual results.
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