安慰剂和反安慰剂对瘙痒的影响:实验方法综述

Joseph S. Blythe, K. Peerdeman, D. Veldhuijzen, A. V. Van Laarhoven, A. Evers
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引用次数: 15

摘要

瘙痒是急性和慢性皮肤病和全身疾病的常见症状。安慰剂和反安慰剂效应,在真实和虚假干预后经历的积极和消极影响,假定是由于积极或消极的结果预期,可以对瘙痒体验及其治疗产生重大影响。诱导和研究安慰剂和反安慰剂对瘙痒影响的实验方法已经开发出来,利用各种期望诱导方法(例如,条件反射,口头建议)和短效瘙痒刺激(例如,组胺,电或机械刺激)的组合。本综述的目的是描述目前用于诱导安慰剂和反安慰剂对瘙痒的影响的研究方法,以及这些研究的结果。介绍了不同期望诱导方法和瘙痒诱发刺激的优缺点,并对未来的研究和临床应用方向进行了讨论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Placebo and nocebo effects on itch: a review of experimental methods
Itch is a commonly experienced symptom of acute and chronic dermatological and systemic conditions. Placebo and nocebo effects, positive and negative effects experienced after both real and sham interventions, putatively due to positive or negative outcome expectancies, can have a significant impact on the experience of itch and its treatment. Experimental methods to induce and study placebo and nocebo effects on itch have been developed, utilizing various combinations of expectancy-induction methods (eg, conditioning, verbal suggestions) and short-acting itch-evoking stimuli (eg, histamine, electrical, or mechanical stimulation). The aim of this review is to describe the current research methods used to induce placebo and nocebo effects on itch, and the results of these studies. The benefits and drawbacks of different expectancy-induction methods and itch-evoking stimuli are described, and future directions for research and clinical application are discussed.
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