可靠的天然气仪表计量是乌克兰能源独立的关键

IF 0.1 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
Аліна Коваленко
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于地理和历史因素,乌克兰在向欧洲能源市场输送石油和天然气方面一直发挥着重要作用。这主要是由于西欧和中欧国家虽然是天然碳氢化合物的大消费国,但他们自己的能源短缺。另一方面,主要的天然气和石油储备集中在俄罗斯联邦、里海地区和海湾地区。目前,乌克兰已成为俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦向欧洲市场输送天然气和石油的重要枢纽。预计天然碳氢化合物资源的消费将会增加,而且这种资源的分布不均衡,这使乌克兰由于其适当的地理位置和发达的天然气和石油网络而成为出口国和工业化欧洲消费者之间的“能源桥梁”。本文对乌克兰的现代天然气供应系统进行了思考。对天然气承压环境下流量计标定的技术可行性进行了研究。目前在乌克兰,校准只在空中进行。这并不能减少天然气仪器的误差。鉴于该国的天然气消费量(约200亿立方米/年),这会导致巨大的非生产损失,对经济效益产生负面影响,并导致最终用户的成本膨胀。分析了欧洲的经验:PTB、DNV、PIGSAR、SICK、INOTECH。提出了乌克兰天然气工业的现代化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reliable instrumental metering of natural gas is the key to Ukraine’s energy independence
By virtue of geographical and historic factors, Ukraine has been playing an important role in oil and natural gas deliveries to European energy markets. Such status is basically attributed to the fact that West and Central European countries, while being rather big consumers of natural hydrocarbons, have shortage in their own energy resources. On the other hand, major natural gas and oil reserves are concentrated in the Russian Federation, Caspian region and the Gulf area. Currently Ukraine has become a major juncture in the transit of gas and oil from Russia and Kazakhstan to European markets. The expected increase in consumption of natural hydrocarbon resources, as well as their uneven distribution make Ukraine, owing to its suitable geographical location and the developed gas and oil network, an “energy bridge” between the exporting countries and consumers in the industrialized Europe. In the article the author considers the modern gas supply system of Ukraine. The author carried out a study on the technical feasibility of calibration of flow meters on the environment of natural gas under pressure. Currently in Ukraine calibration is performed only in the air. This does not make it possible to reduce the error in the instrumentation of natural gas. Given the volume of natural gas consumption in the country (about 20 billion m3/year), this leads to huge non-production losses, negative impact on economic performance and inflated cost for end users. The European experience was analyzed: PTB, DNV, PIGSAR, SICK, INOTECH. Modernization of the gas industry of Ukraine is proposed.
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来源期刊
Ukrainian Metrological Journal
Ukrainian Metrological Journal INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION-
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