斯洛文尼亚西部和意大利东北部Pradol(Pradolino)干河谷形成模型

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Manuel Diercks, C. Grützner, M. Vrabec, K. Ustaszewski
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在构造活跃的山脉,景观是由侵蚀/沉积和构造驱动的地壳变形的相互作用形成的。冰碛、风隙、断裂带和河流阶地等特征地貌可以用来解释景观演变。然而,现有的数据往往允许不同的解释。在这里,我们研究了斯洛文尼亚西部的普拉多里诺山谷,这是一个深切的峡谷,它的底部比周围的山谷高出几百米。我们使用高分辨率数字高程模型、地貌指数和实地观测来揭示这种奇特地貌的演变。我们提出了一个六阶段的峡谷演化模型,包括前进的冰川对山谷的阻塞,河流的改道,以及由于冰川后融水的大量排放而导致的快速切割。普拉多尔山谷的形成很可能是由一个下伏的断层促成的,该断层是中生代灰岩中一个容易被侵蚀的薄弱带。我们的模型表明,峡谷的形成可能发生在最后一次冰期,这导致了几厘米/年的切割速率。利用提出的模型,我们可以解释所有可用的远程和现场观测。我们的研究表明,不同景观形成过程的复杂相互作用需要解释普拉多尔干谷的发生,并且在末次盛冰期之后发生了快速的形态变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A model for the formation of the Pradol (Pradolino) dry valley in W Slovenia and NE Italy
In tectonically active mountain ranges, the landscape is shaped by the interplay of erosion/sedimentation and tectonically driven crustal deformation. Characteristic landforms such as moraines, wind gaps, fault scarps, and river terraces can be used to decipher the landscape evolution. However, the available data often allow for different interpretations. Here we study the Pradol (Pradolino) Valley in Western Slovenia, a deeply incised canyon whose floor rests several hundreds of metres above the surrounding valleys. We use high-resolution digital elevation models, geomorphic indices and field observations to unravel the evolution of this peculiar landform. We present a six-stage evolution model of the canyon that includes the blockage of valleys by advancing glaciers, river diversion, and rapid incision due to a high discharge of post-glacial meltwater. The formation of the Pradol Valley was most likely facilitated by an underlying fault that serves as an easily erodible weakness zone in the Mesozoic limestones. Our model indicates that the formation of the canyon could have occurred during the last glaciation, which results in incision rates of several cm/yr. With the proposed model we can explain all remote and field observations available. Our study shows that a complex interplay of different landscape-shaping processes is needed to explain the occurrence of the Pradol dry valley and that rapid changes in the morphology occurred after the last glacial maximum.
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来源期刊
Geologija
Geologija Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
10 weeks
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