Quality Indicators and Models for Online Learning Quality Assurance in Higher Education

In the present scenario of COVID-19, the online learning capacity has been increased much more. Due to increased capacity of online learning in higher education, the quality of online learning has serious concerns. To achieve the minimum requirements of quality in online learning for sustainable development, it is important to review the quality assurance principles and strategies. A brief review of literature was conducted to define the quality, to present some quality assurance indicators for online learning and to discuss some online learning models by selecting 27 published articles through inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review showed that learner-teacher interaction, learner’s prompt feedback, learner’s support service, applying appropriate media, tools for online learning and planned documented technology application for the assurance of quality in online learning are important quality indicators. Some quality assurance models for online learning are also presented in this study.