Topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis using a nanoemulsion cream-based on generic pentavalent antimony. Case report

Introduction. An effective vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis has yet to be developed. Treatment of the disease relies on painful intramuscular administration of high doses of compounds based on pentavalent antimony, causing adverse effects. New therapeutic options effective, easy to apply, cheap and without adverse effects are urgently required. Case report. A 26-year-old male patient showing a large facial ulcer, presumptively by cutaneous leishmaniasis, diagnostic confirmed by Montenegro’s skin test and microscopical observation of amastigote forms. Due to the ulcer’s location and size, topical treatment with a nanoemulsion cream-based on a generic antimony-compound was attempted. The cream was applied twice daily and was rapidly absorbed. After 2 months of treatment, no discomfort or other adverse effects were detected. The ulcer was replaced with healthy skin tissue and a soft, clean scar. Conclusion. The novel cream, which was rapidly absorbed, effective, cheaper than standard systemic therapy and self-applied by the patient, showed potential value in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.