女子跳远运动员和游泳运动员力量和着陆生物力学的差异

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Isokinetics and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI:10.3233/ies-210149

M. Ruan, Qiang Zhang, Xin Zhang, Jing Hu, Xie Wu

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引用次数: 1

摘要

背景：目前尚不清楚强化训练作为一个单一的组成部分是否可以改善着陆力学，而从长远来看，这可能与降低前交叉韧带损伤的风险有关。目的：本研究的目的是调查从事强化训练的经验对女运动员着陆生物力学的影响。方法：招募缺乏强化训练经验的非跳高运动员（12名女大学生游泳运动员）和有5年强化训练经验（12名女子大学生跳远运动员和跳高运动员）参加两个测试阶段：120∘/s的优势腿等速肌力测试和40cm的落地测试。应用独立t检验来检测所选肌肉力量、运动学、动力学和肌电图变量在队列之间的任何显著影响。结果：虽然在等速测试中，女性跳高运动员表现出比女性游泳运动员更大的股四头肌离心力（P=0.013）和腘绳肌同心力（P=0.023），但在落地和跳跃过程中，运动学、动力学和肌肉活动没有观察到显著差异。结论：研究结果表明，与游泳运动员相比，女子跳高运动员在落地力学方面没有表现出任何训练诱导的改变，从而降低了受伤风险。目前的研究表明，作为单一组成部分的强化训练可能无法保证年轻女运动员发展低风险的落地机制。

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Differences in strength and landing biomechanics between female jumpers and swimmers

BACKGROUND: It remains unclear if plyometric training as a single component could improve landing mechanics that are potentially associated with lower risk of ACL injury in the long term OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of experience undertaking plyometrics on landing biomechanics in female athletes. METHODS: Non-jumpers with little experience in plyometric training (12 female college swimmers) and jumpers with five years of experience in plyometric training (12 female college long jumpers and high jumpers) were recruited to participate in two testing sessions: an isokinetic muscle force test for the dominant leg at 120∘/s and a 40-cm drop landing test. An independent t test was applied to detect any significant effects between cohorts for selected muscle force, kinematic, kinetic, and electromyography variables. RESULTS: While female jumpers exhibited greater quadriceps eccentric strength (P= 0.013) and hamstring concentric strength (P= 0.023) during isokinetic testing than female swimmers, no significant differences were observed in kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activities during both drop landing and drop jumping. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the female jumpers did not present any training-induced modification in landing mechanics regarding reducing injury risks compared with the swimmers. The current study revealed that plyometric training as a single component may not guarantee the development of low-risk landing mechanics for young female athletes.

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来源期刊

Isokinetics and Exercise Science 医学-工程：生物医学

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

14.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Isokinetics and Exercise Science (IES) is an international journal devoted to the study of theoretical and applied aspects of human muscle performance. Since isokinetic dynamometry constitutes the major tool in this area, the journal takes a particular interest in exploring the considerable potential of this technology. IES publishes studies associated with the methodology of muscle performance especially with respect to the issues of reproducibility and validity of testing, description of normal and pathological mechanical parameters which are derivable from muscle testing, applications in basic research topics such as motor learning paradigms and electromyography. The journal also publishes studies on applications in clinical settings and technical aspects of the various measurement systems employed in human muscle performance research. The journal welcomes submissions in the form of research papers, reviews, case studies and technical reports from professionals in the fields of sports medicine, orthopaedic and neurological rehabilitation and exercise physiology.