羽化后的金翅林莺需要有多个林分发育阶段的森林

IF 2.6 2区 生物学 Q1 ORNITHOLOGY
Condor Pub Date : 2020-09-22 DOI:10.1093/condor/duaa052
Cameron J Fiss, Darin J Mcneil, A. Rodewald, Joseph E. Duchamp, Jeffery L. Larkin
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引用次数: 7

摘要

我们对鸣禽繁殖季节栖息地需求的了解主要来源于对筑巢成功率的研究。然而,越来越多的证据表明,筑巢栖息地和羽化后的栖息地往往不同。减少物种的管理准则需要重新评估和更新,以考虑在整个繁殖周期中可能发生的栖息地转移。金翅莺(Vermivora chrysoptera)是一种正在衰落的鸣禽物种,其最佳管理实践(bmp)主要基于筑巢栖息地。2014-2017年5 - 7月,研究了美国宾夕法尼亚州2个景观(每个景观2年数据)中初生金翅林莺的林分尺度栖息地选择。在四年的时间里,我们用无线电标记并跟踪了156只雏鸟。我们使用离散选择模型来评估雏鸟后2个时期(1-5天,6-28天)的栖息地选择。雏鸟利用多种覆盖类型,但大多数(85%)遥测迁移发生在林分发育期、茎排期或成熟的森林高地。初生雏鸟在前5 d主要选择林分发育林,但在初生雏鸟后6 ~ 28 d,不同地区对栖息地的偏好不同。一种景观中的雏鸟在茎排阶段偏爱林分,而另一种景观中的雏鸟在萌发阶段继续选择林分。雏鸟随着年龄的增长会移动更远的距离,并在雏鸟出生后的第28天分散到750米左右。这些发现表明,有必要更新金翅莺的bmp,以考虑到在繁殖季节雏鸟更广泛的栖息地需求。此外,这些结果表明,栖息地需求的区域研究有助于指导鸟类动态森林景观的管理。人们对许多候鸟羽化后的生态和栖息地要求知之甚少。本文利用VHF无线电发射机对美国宾夕法尼亚州两个亚种群的156只羽翼金莺进行了跟踪,描述了它们的活动、栖息地利用和栖息地选择。雏鸟在初生后的第28天平均向巢外扩散约750米,最大扩散距离为3.6公里。雏鸟利用了所有覆盖类型,但85%的迁移发生在林分形成、茎排或成熟的森林高地。在林分形成阶段,雏鸟的生境选择主要指向森林,但在某一景观中,雏鸟也会选择树干排斥林分。管理人员应考虑在靠近金翅莺筑巢栖息地的地区增加林分年龄等级的多样性(特别是在茎排斥阶段的森林),为雏鸟提供必要的结构。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Post-fledging Golden-winged Warblers require forests with multiple stand developmental stages
ABSTRACT Our understanding of songbird habitat needs during the breeding season stems largely from studies of nest success. However, growing evidence shows that nesting habitat and post-fledging habitat often differ. Management guidelines for declining species need to be reevaluated and updated to account for habitat shifts that may occur across the full breeding cycle. The Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) is a declining songbird species for which best management practices (BMPs) are based overwhelmingly on nesting habitat. We studied stand-scale habitat selection by fledgling Golden-winged Warblers during May–July, 2014–2017, in 2 landscapes (2 yr of data for each landscape), 200 km apart in Pennsylvania. Across 4 yr, we radio-tagged and tracked 156 fledglings. We used discrete-choice models to evaluate habitat selection during 2 post-fledging time periods (days 1–5, days 6–28). Fledglings used a variety of cover types, but most telemetry relocations (i.e. 85%) occurred in forest in the stand initiation stage, stem exclusion stage, or mature forest upland. Fledglings primarily selected stand initiation forest during the first 5 days, but preferred habitats differed between regions during days 6–28 post-fledging. Fledglings in one landscape favored stands in the stem exclusion stage while fledglings in the other landscape continued to select stands in the initiation stage. Fledglings moved greater distances as they aged and dispersed ∼750 m by day 28 post-fledging. These findings suggest the need to update Golden-winged Warbler BMPs to account for the broader habitat needs of fledglings during the breeding season. In addition, these results indicate that regional studies of habitat requirements can help guide management of dynamic forest landscapes for birds. LAY SUMMARY Little is known about the post-fledging ecology and habitat requirements of many migratory songbirds. We used VHF radio-transmitters to track 156 fledgling Golden-winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) from two subpopulations in Pennsylvania, USA, and describe their movements, habitat use, and habitat selection. On average fledglings dispersed ∼750 m from nest sites by day 28 post-fledging with the maximum dispersal distance being 3.6 km. Fledglings used all cover types but 85% of relocations occurred in stand initiation, stem exclusion, or mature forest uplands. Habitat selection was directed primarily toward forest in the stand initiation stage, however fledglings in one landscape also selected for stem exclusion stands. Managers should consider promoting additional forest stand age class diversity (especially forest in the stem exclusion stage) in areas proximate to Golden-winged Warbler nesting habitat to provide the structure necessary for fledglings.
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来源期刊
Condor
Condor ORNITHOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
46
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Condor is the official publication of the Cooper Ornithological Society, a non-profit organization of over 2,000 professional and amateur ornithologists and one of the largest ornithological societies in the world. A quarterly international journal that publishes original research from all fields of avian biology, The Condor has been a highly respected forum in ornithology for more than 100 years. The journal is one of the top ranked ornithology publications. Types of paper published include feature articles (longer manuscripts) Short Communications (generally shorter papers or papers that deal with one primary finding), Commentaries (brief papers that comment on articles published previously in The Condor), and Book Reviews.
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