印度尼西亚手工小规模金矿的存在,对公共健康和环境可持续性的影响:叙述回顾

Elanda Fikri, Yura Witsqa Firmansyah, A. Afifah, M. Fauzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究综述了手工小规模金矿开采(ASGM)的负面影响。本文审查了ASGM对健康的影响,讨论的范围包括人类疾病和失调、有毒物质、公众和矿工的安全、环境损害、社会经济条件。这项研究为印度尼西亚的ASGM提供了缓解建议。这一研究课题很重要,因为在印度尼西亚还没有一项ASGM研究审查了这些方面。讨论:慢性病、急性病、传染病和残疾可能威胁当地社区的健康和生存。有毒重金属,如汞、镉、砷和铅,在ASGM中很难避免,因为它们的使用水平很高。ASGM产生的其他污染物包括噪音和二氧化硅粉尘。ASGM造成的事故共造成36人轻伤,估计57人重伤,11人死亡。ASGM还造成水、土壤和空气污染;这对世界遗产地的地质构成了威胁。在印度尼西亚的一些地区,ASGM已被证明可以改善社区经济。结论:ASGM已被证明对印度尼西亚社会的公共卫生、环境可持续性和社会经济状况有重大影响。总的来说,印尼缺乏ASGM合法化是造成这些影响的有利因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Existence of Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining in Indonesia, The Impact of Public Health and Environmental Sustainability : A Narrative Review
Introduction: This study reviewed the negative impacts of artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM). This paper presents an examination of ASGM’s impact on health, with the scope of discussion covering human diseases and disorders, toxic substances, public and miners’ safety, environmental damage, socioeconomic conditions. This study contributes mitigation recommendations for ASGM in Indonesia. This research subject is important because there has not been an ASGM study that has reviewed these aspects in Indonesia. Discussion: Chronic diseases, acute diseases, infectious diseases, and disabilities can threaten local communities’ health and survival. Toxic heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and lead are difficult to avoid in ASGM, since they have a high level of use. Other pollutants generated by ASGM are noise and silicia dust. ASGM has caused accidents with a total of 36 minor injuries, an estimated 57 serious injuries, and 11 deaths. ASGM also causes water, soil, and air pollution; it is a threat to the geology of world heritage sites. ASGM has been proven to improve the community's economy in several parts of Indonesia. Conclusion: ASGM has proven to have a significant impact on public health, environmental sustainability, and the socioeconomic state of Indonesian society. In general, the lack of ASGM legitimization in Indonesia is an enabling factor for these impacts.
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