A comprehensive review of the influence of particle size and pore distribution on the kinetics of CO2 hydrate formation in porous media

As an essential greenhouse gas, CO₂ is the leading cause of global warming and environmental problems. An efficient strategy to lower CO₂ emissions is the hydrate-based method of CO₂ geological storage. The stability and formation process of hydrate is the premise and foundation of the hydrate method of CO₂ geological storage. However, the formation rule of CO₂ hydrate has a significant impact on the formation characteristics of CO₂ hydrate. This paper thoroughly examines the formation properties of CO₂ hydrate in porous media systems. The quantitative impacts and laws of many parameters on the CO₂ hydrate production process are thoroughly examined. On this basis, the internal mechanism of particle size, pore distribution, and critical size of particles in porous media systems on the kinetics of CO₂ hydrate formation are detailed. Finally, the shortcomings of the studies on CO₂ hydrate formation kinetics in porous media systems and the main directions in the future are pointed out. The influence of pore distribution in porous media on the CO₂ hydrate formation process still needs further study. The relative results will be useful in the future for CO₂ capture and sequestration in sediments. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.