神经发育和认知障碍的表观遗传功能

Q3 Medicine
Neuroforum Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI:10.1515/nf-2021-0028
Mira Jakovcevski, Geraldine Zimmer-Bensch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要大脑发育包括一个精细调整的分子过程集合,这些过程需要在整个时间和空间中以非常协调的方式进行协调。从DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰到非编码RNA,一系列表观遗传学机制已被确定为通过精确调节基因表达程序在指导祖细胞增殖、神经元迁移和分化等发育过程中的主要作用。表观遗传学过程在发育过程中的重要性反映在神经发育疾病的高患病率上,这些疾病是由编码转录因子和其他表观遗传学调节因子的基因缺乏或突变引起的。这些因素中的大多数都处理大脑正常发育的中心功能,而各自的突变会导致严重的认知缺陷。在开发过程中更好地了解表观遗传学程序可能会为更好地治疗相关疾病开辟新的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Epigenetic function in neurodevelopment and cognitive impairment
Abstract Brain development comprises a fine-tuned ensemble of molecular processes that need to be orchestrated in a very coordinated way throughout time and space. A wide array of epigenetic mechanisms, ranging from DNA methylation and histone modifications to noncoding RNAs, have been identified for their major role in guiding developmental processes such as progenitor proliferation, neuronal migration, and differentiation through precise regulation of gene expression programs. The importance of epigenetic processes during development is reflected by the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental diseases which are caused by a lack or mutation of genes encoding for transcription factors and other epigenetic regulators. Most of these factors process central functions for proper brain development, and respective mutations lead to severe cognitive defects. A better understanding of epigenetic programs during development might open new routes toward better treatment options for related diseases.
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来源期刊
Neuroforum
Neuroforum NEUROSCIENCES-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
期刊介绍: Neuroforum publishes invited review articles from all areas in neuroscience. Readership includes besides basic and medical neuroscientists also journalists, practicing physicians, school teachers and students. Neuroforum reports on all topics in neuroscience – from molecules to the neuronal networks, from synapses to bioethics.
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