标题乌克兰山楂属若干种果实和种子的形态特征

IF 2.1 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Acta Agrobotanica Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI:10.5586/aa.7418

T. Dvirna, O. Futorna, V. Minarchenko, I. Tymchenko

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引用次数: 1

摘要

山楂属是蔷薇科山楂属中最大的一种。这些果实被用作药用原料(山楂果)，因为它们含有一组生物活性化合物。由于显著的变异、杂交、无融合和多倍体，该属体积庞大，在分类上有问题。因此，很难确定该属的种类。该属的物种具有许多诊断特征，其中之一是具有种子的独特果实。本研究的目的是鉴定和比较乌克兰最常被用作药用原料和最常见的七种山楂属植物的果实的诊断特征，这些植物分别是:克拉特纳斯laevigata、C. monogyna、C. pentagyna、C. pseudokyrtostyla、C. sanguinea、C. fallacina和C. hipidophylla。采用扫描和数码显微镜进行研究，并按标准方法进行描述。结果，我们发现了明显区分所研究物种的特征。我们发现成熟的果实中只含有一种芘(C. monogyna, C. pseudokyrtostyla, C. fallacina和C. hipidophylla)，而在该属的研究物种中含有几种芘(C. laevigata, C. pentagyna和C. sanguinea)。所研究的树种果实呈球形和椭圆形。主要的颜色是黄褐色/棕色与不同的阴影，但几乎黑色的果实的物种C. pentagyna很好地区分。该属的所有研究物种的果实都是肉质的，除了C. sanguinea，它是面粉。本种的主要特征是黄色的果肉果实，除了五角草，它有肋的果实。单胞草属植物的果实与其他研究物种的果实不同，其表面有刺状结节状突起。三角形的比利牛只在五角草中可见。我们认为这些特征可以作为附加的诊断工具来确定乌克兰山楂属植物区系的种类。

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Morphological Features of Fruits and Seeds of Some Species of the Genus Crataegus L. of the Flora of Ukraine

The genus Crataegus L. is one of the largest species in the family Rosaceae Juss. The fruits are used as medicinal raw materials ( Crataegus fructus ), as they contain a set of biologically active compounds. The genus is voluminous and taxonomically problematic due to significant variability, hybridization, apomixis, and polyploidy. As a result, it is difficult to determine the species of the genus. Species of the genus have a number of diagnostic features, one of which is a distinct fruit with seeds. The aim of our study was to identify and compare the diagnostic features of the fruits of seven species of the genus Crataegus flora of Ukraine, which are most often used as medicinal raw materials and are the most common in Ukraine – Crataegus laevigata , C. monogyna , C. pentagyna , C. pseudokyrtostyla , C. sanguinea , C. fallacina , and C. rhipidophylla . The study was performed using scanning and digital microscopy, and descriptions were made by standard methods. As a result, we identified features that clearly distinguished the studied species from each other. We identified mature fruits that contain only one pyrene ( C. monogyna , C. pseudokyrtostyla , C. fallacina , and C. rhipidophylla ), and several pyrenes ( C. laevigata , C. pentagyna , and C. sanguinea ) among the studied species of the genus. The studied species are characterized by spherical and ellipsoidal fruits. The predominant color is fulvous/brown with different shades, but almost-black fruits of the species C. pentagyna are well distinguished. Fruits of all studied species of the genus are fleshy, except C. sanguinea , which is floury. The species is characterized mainly by yellow flesh fruits, except C. pentagyna , which has ribbed fruits. The fruits of C. monogyna plants differ from those of other studied species by the spinous-tuberous surface relief. Pyrenes of triangular shape are observed only in C. pentagyna . We suggest that these features can be used as additional diagnostic tools to determine the species of the genus Crataegus flora in Ukraine.

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来源期刊

Acta Agrobotanica Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

25.00%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The Acta Agrobotanica publishes mainly significant, original research papers presenting the results new to the biology of cultivable or wild plants accompanying crops. The submissions dedicated particularly to flora and phytocenoses of anthropogenically transformed areas, bee pastures, nectariferous and polleniferous taxa, plant-pollinator relationships, urban and rural habitats for entomofauna, cultivated plants, weeds, aerobiology, plant pathogens and parasites are encouraged and accepted. Besides the original research papers, authors may submit short communications and reviews. The journal also publishes the invited papers in case of new developments in plant science. All submissions must be written in good English, which is solely a responsibility of the authors.