Helena Melero, Susana Borromeo, Alexandra Cristobal-Huerta, Eva Manzanedo, Guillermo Luna, Adolfo Toledano, Juan Antonio Hernández-Tamames
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引用次数: 3
摘要
嗅觉功能障碍是神经系统疾病的早期标志，也是精神障碍的常见症状。先前的解剖学和功能研究表明，性别影响在评估嗅觉系统中可能是至关重要的。尽管如此，性别因素影响嗅觉感知的神经机制仍未得到很好的理解。在这种情况下，我们使用功能磁共振成像来研究被动处理化学刺激的性别差异，以获得新的神经科学数据，可能有助于改善气味感知的评估。30名健康受试者(17名女性)在3.0 t MRI扫描仪上接受薄荷和丁醇刺激(事件相关设计)。为了观察嗅觉相关的激活，进行了单样本t检验分析。组间差异(女性vs.男性)和每种香气的影响使用2 × ×?方差分析和事后对比。男性和女性在右颞上/中颞区、右额叶下皮层和下丘脑表现出不同的活动(男性和女性)。两组都显示出处理气味的右半球占优势。女性和男性嗅觉功能的差异并不局限于特定的感觉区域，而是反映了多感觉整合过程中更普遍的性别依赖效应。考虑性别差异是必要的，以便制定更具体和有效的策略来评估和恢复嗅觉系统，并解释嗅觉丧失作为神经和精神疾病的早期生物标志物。
Sex Differences in the Olfactory System: a Functional MRI Study
Olfactory dysfunction is an early marker of neurological disease and a common symptom in psychotic disorders. Previous anatomical and functional research suggests that sex effects may be crucial in the assessment of the olfactory system. Nonetheless, the neural mechanisms through which the factor sex impacts olfactory perception are still not well understood. In this context, we use fMRI to investigate sex differences in the passive processing of chemical stimuli, in order to obtain new neuroscientific data that may help improve the assessment of odor perception.
Thirty healthy subjects (17 women) were stimulated with mint and butanol (event-related design) in a 3.0-T MRI scanner. A one-sample t test analysis was performed in order to observe olfactory-related activations. Intergroup differences (women vs. men) and the influence of each aroma were analyzed using a 2?×?2 ANOVA and post hoc contrasts.
Men and women showed differential activity (males?>?females) in right superior/middle temporal areas, the right inferior frontal cortex, and the hypothalamus. Both groups showed a predominance of the right hemisphere for the processing of odors.
Functional differences between women and men in olfaction are not restricted to specific sensory areas and reflect a more general sex-dependent effect in multisensory integration processes.
Considering sex differences is essential in order to develop more specific and efficient strategies for the assessment and rehabilitation of the olfactory system and for the interpretation of the olfactory loss as an early biomarker of neurological and psychiatric diseases.
期刊介绍：
Coverage in Chemosensory Perception includes animal work with implications for human phenomena and explores the following areas:
Identification of chemicals producing sensory response;
Identification of sensory response associated with chemicals;
Human in vivo response to chemical stimuli;
Human in vitro response to chemical stimuli;
Neuroimaging of chemosensory function;
Neurological processing of chemoreception;
Chemoreception mechanisms;
Psychophysics of chemoperception;
Trigeminal function;
Multisensory perception;
Contextual effect on chemoperception;
Behavioral response to chemical stimuli;
Physiological factors affecting and contributing to chemoperception;
Flavor and hedonics;
Memory and chemoperception.
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