对局部意识理论的新经验挑战

IF 1.8 3区 心理学 Q1 LINGUISTICS
Mind & Language Pub Date : 2021-03-17 DOI:10.1111/MILA.12319
M. Michel, Adrien Doerig
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引用次数: 11

摘要

局部意识理论认为,在一定的背景条件下,如果一个特征在大脑的感觉区域得到充分的表征和处理,那么这个人就会意识到它。我们挑战了基于最近发现的长期后置效应的局部理论的核心预测,该理论表明,特征可以在感知区域中被表征数百毫秒而不被有意识地感知。与先前针对局部理论的经验数据不同,局部理论的支持者无法通过推测受试者对他们无法报告的特征具有明显的意识来解释这些影响。这种说法只有一个强有力的、反直觉的版本才能解释持久的后发效应。尽管这是可能的,但我们认为,采用这种“溢出假说”的强烈版本,首先会抵消支持局部意识理论的证据的重要性。我们还讨论了本地理论支持者可能提供的几种替代解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A new empirical challenge for local theories of consciousness
Local theories of consciousness state that one is conscious of a feature if it is adequately represented and processed in sensory brain areas, given some background conditions. We challenge the core prediction of local theories based on recently discovered long-lasting postdictive effects demonstrating that features can be represented for hundreds of milliseconds in perceptual areas without being consciously perceived. Unlike previous empirical data aimed against local theories, proponents of local theories cannot explain these effects away by conjecturing that subjects are phenomenally conscious of features that they cannot report. Only a strong and counterintuitive version of this claim can account for long-lasting postdictive effects. Although possible, we argue that adopting this strong version of the “overflow hypothesis” would have the effect of nullifying the weight of the evidence taken to support local theories of consciousness in the first place. We also discuss several alternative explanations that proponents of local theories could offer.
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来源期刊
Mind & Language
Mind & Language Multiple-
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
58
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