MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF SPERMATOGENIC EPITHELIOCYTES STRUCTURE UNDER THE RUBOMYCIN INFLUENCE IN RATS

Background. Over the last 20 years, the quality of men’s sperm around the world has deteriorated twice. The causes are poor environment, stress, sedentary lifestyle, prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, obesity, alcohol abuse and various stimulants. The structure and function of the testes, when exposed to various drugs and chemicals, attracts the attention of present researchers. Objectives. The aim of the research was to study the structural changes of the spermatogenic epithelium in testicular damage caused by rubomycin hydrochloride. Methods. The spermatogenic epithelium of the testes of 30 white adult white male rats, which were divided into 2 groups, was morphometrically examined. The 1st group comprised 15 experimental intact animals, the 2nd – 15 rats, in which testicular damage with rubomycin hydrochloride was simulated. Euthanasia of rats was performed by bloodletting under thiopental anesthesia one month after the experiment beginning. Quantitative morphological parameters were statistically processed. In spermatocytes of the 1st P-order, spermatogonia and spermatids of testes, their height, diameter of nuclei, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and relative volumes of damaged cells of spermatogenic epithelium were evaluated. Results. It was established that spermatogenic epithelial cells were damaged in the simulated experimental conditions, which was morphometrically confirmed by changes in nuclear-cytoplasmic relations in the 1st, 2nd order spermatocytes, spermatogonia and spermatids. The relative volumes of damaged spermatogenic epithelial cells also increased significantly. The most significant morphometric parameters were altered in spermatids. Thus, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in the studied cells was statistically significantly (p <0.001) increased by 7.4% compared with the similar control morphometric parameter. The relative volume of damaged spermatids in these experimental conditions reached (32.50±0.18) %, which with a high statistically significant difference (p<0.001) exceeded the same control value in almost 15.8 times. Optically, histological preparations of the testes showed severe vascular disorders, characterized by dilation and plethora mostly of venous vessels, which pointed to violation of venous drainage of the studied organs. Conclusions. According to the attained research results it has been established that nuclear-cytoplasmic relations are an objective and valuable informative indicator of a functional condition of cells and their structural changes in pathological conditions. When rubomycin hydrochloride is exposed to experimental animals, the most significant changes in nuclear-cytoplasmic relations are found in spermatic spermatozoa.