Genome Survey Sequencing and Genetic Background Characterization of the Wolf Spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae)

ABSTRACT: The wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata is a typical wandering spider and is frequently viewed as a biological indicator. However, published information on the P. pseudoannulata genome is limited. To explore the genomic structure of P. pseudoannulata, we performed a genome survey using high-throughput sequencing technologies at approximately 16.41X coverage depth. We obtained 67.48 Gb of sequence data, with an estimated genome size of 4.11 Gb and guanine plus cytosine (GC) content of 35.34%. The repeat ratio of the P. pseudoannulata genomic sequence was 79.16% and the heterozygote rate was 0.4%. By analysing the characteristics of the genome, 150,288 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Among these SSRs, the mononucleotide repeat type was the most abundant (62.56% of total SSRs), followed by the dinucleotide (23.84%), trinucleotide (7.39%), tetranucleotide (3.94%), pentanucleotide (2.24%), and hexanucleotide (0.03%) repeat types. This is the first genome-wide characterization of P. pseudoannulata, which highlighted the genomic characteristics of low hybridization, high repetition, large size, and complex structure. The data obtained from our genome survey will not only aid the design of future P. pseudoannulata whole-genome sequencing projects but will also be valuable for further studies on genetic diversity and evolutionary analysis.