Cloud & fog computing: intelligent applications

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been one of the most popular technologies that facilitate new interactions among things and humans to enhance the quality of life. With the rapid development of IoT, cloud and fog computing paradigm is emerging as an attractive solution for processing the data of IoT applications. In the cloud and fog environment, IoT applications are executed by the intermediate computing nodes, as well as the physical servers in cloud data centres. On the other hand, due to the resource limitations, resource heterogeneity, dynamic nature, and unpredictability of cloud and fog environment, it necessitates the resource management issues as one of the challenging problems to be considered in the fog landscape. Apart from the Internet of Things (IoT) issue in cloud and fog computing, today, the data security and integrity problems are receiving attention gradually, which avoids malicious data stealing and amending in cloud and fog computing by hackers. Additionally, to fulfill the requirements of authentication, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation, the development of cloud and fog Computing needs lightweight cryptography to reduce workloads and improve performance. With the advance of smart city and Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud and fog computing plays the role of saving and calculating data; hence, the more experts and researchers in the fields of communications networks and information technology, the more ideas and thoughts to enhance the performance.