扭矩表（或火鸡表）：它是一种观测仪器吗？

IF 0.3 3区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Journal for the History of Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI:10.1177/00218286221105653

J. Włodarczyk

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引用次数: 1

摘要

扭矩仪是一种复杂的天文仪器，其结构因某些描述、图像学和少数现存文物而为人所知。至少从13世纪开始，它就被用于前望远镜天文学。然而，扭矩计作为一种观测仪器的有用性仍然未知。我打算介绍一个初步的分析，在确定天体坐标时，扭矩表的优点和局限性。为此，我将参考（1）包含仪器结构及其使用说明的书面资料；（2）由维也纳的Hans Dorn（约1487年）建造并保存在克拉考的Jagiellonian大学博物馆的扭矩器的检查结果；（3）仪器理论的元素，使我们能够追踪仪器误差，包括系统误差和偶然误差；（4）唯一一组实质性的和现存的使用扭矩表进行的观测，即1560–63年在卡塞尔汇编的58颗恒星的目录。

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The torquetum (or turketum): Was it an observing instrument?

The torquetum was a complex astronomical instrument whose construction is known thanks to certain descriptions, iconography and few extant artefacts. It was used in pre-telescopic astronomy from at least the 13th century. However, the usefulness of the torquetum as an observing instrument remains unknown. It is my intention to introduce a preliminary analysis of the merits and limitations of the torquetum in determining the coordinates of celestial bodies. For this purpose I shall refer to (1) written sources that contain descriptions of the construction of the instrument and its use; (2) the results of an examination of the torquetum constructed by Hans Dorn of Vienna (c.1487) and conserved in the Jagiellonian University Museum in Cracow; (3) elements of a theory of the instrument, which allow us to trace down instrumental errors, both systematic and accidental; (4) the only substantial and extant set of observations made with the torquetum, that is, a catalogue of 58 stars, compiled in Kassel in the years 1560–63.

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来源期刊

Journal for the History of Astronomy 地学天文-科学史与科学哲学

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Science History Publications Ltd is an academic publishing company established in 1971 and based in Cambridge, England. We specialize in journals in history of science and in particular history of astronomy.