Phenomenological Enthymeme in V.N. Voloshinov’s Marxist Sociology of Poetics. Using the Example of an Article titled “Word in Life and Word in Poetry...”

On the example of the article “Word in Life and Word in Poetry. On the Issues of Sociological Poetics” (1926), the author analyzes the sociological methodology used by V.N. Voloshinov (M.M. Bakhtin) in a number of publications in the 1920’s and first utilized in this article. The methodology is declared to be Marxist. It is proven that it cannot be unequivocally identified with the Marxist variety, since it does not fully correspond to the fundamental principles of the teachings of K. Marx and F. Engels. The Voloshinov-Bakhtin methodology reveals a conceptual and subject-thematic affinity with Max Scheler’s phenomenological sociology. The author believes that the article attempts to combine two philosophical methodologies within a single humanitarian-scientific study. A double comparative analysis is conducted by the author in the context of the results of researching the life and work of M.M. Bakhtin in order to expand the cultural and scientific research space in the history of Russian philosophical sociology.